summary writing kaise likhen

• How to Write a Summary

Proficient students understand that  summarizing , identifying what is most important and restating the text (or other media) in your own words, is an important tool for college success.

After all, if you really know a subject, you will be able to summarize it. If you cannot summarize a subject, even if you have memorized all the facts about it, you can be absolutely sure that you have not learned it. And, if you truly learn the subject, you will still be able to summarize it months or years from now.

Proficient students may monitor their understanding of a text by summarizing as they read. They understand that if they can write a one- or two-sentence summary of each paragraph after reading it, then that is a good sign that they have correctly understood it. If they can not summarize the main idea of the paragraph, they know that comprehension has broken down and they need to use fix-up strategies to repair understanding.

Summary Writing Format

• When writing a summary, remember that it should be in the form of a paragraph.
• A summary begins with an introductory sentence that states the text’s title, author and main point of the text as you see it.
• A summary is written in your own words.
• A summary contains only the ideas of the original text. Do not insert any of your own opinions, interpretations, deductions or comments into a summary.
• Identify in order the significant sub-claims the author uses to defend the main point.
• Copy word-for-word three separate passages from the essay that you think support and/or defend the main point of the essay as you see it.
• Cite each passage by first signaling the work and the author, put “quotation marks” around the passage you chose, and put the number of the paragraph where the passages can be found immediately after the passage.
• Using source material from the essay is important. Why? Because defending claims with source material is what you will be asked to do when writing papers for your college professors.
• Write a last sentence that “wraps” up your summary; often a simple rephrasing of the main point.

Example Summary Writing Format

In the essay Santa Ana , author Joan Didion’s main point is ( state main point ). According to Didion “… passage 1 …” (para.3). Didion also writes “… passage 2 …” (para.8). Finally, she states “… passage 3 …” (para. 12) Write a last sentence that “wraps” up your summary; often a simple rephrasing of the main point.

• Provided by : Lumen Learning. Located at : http://lumenlearning.com/ . License : CC BY: Attribution
• Authored by : Paul Powell. Provided by : Central Community College. Project : Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative. License : CC BY: Attribution
• Authored by : Elisabeth Ellington and Ronda Dorsey Neugebauer. Provided by : Chadron State College. Project : Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative. License : CC BY: Attribution
• Table of Contents

Instructor Resources (Access Requires Login)

• Overview of Instructor Resources

An Overview of the Writing Process

• Introduction to the Writing Process
• Introduction to Writing
• Your Role as a Learner
• What is an Essay?
• Reading to Write
• Defining the Writing Process
• Videos: Prewriting Techniques
• Thesis Statements
• Organizing an Essay
• Creating Paragraphs
• Conclusions
• Editing and Proofreading
• Matters of Grammar, Mechanics, and Style
• Peer Review Checklist
• Comparative Chart of Writing Strategies

Using Sources

• Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Avoiding Plagiarism
• Formatting the Works Cited Page (MLA)
• Citing Paraphrases and Summaries (APA)
• APA Citation Style, 6th edition: General Style Guidelines

Definition Essay

• Definitional Argument Essay
• How to Write a Definition Essay
• Critical Thinking
• Video: Thesis Explained
• Effective Thesis Statements
• Student Sample: Definition Essay

Narrative Essay

• Introduction to Narrative Essay
• Student Sample: Narrative Essay
• "Shooting an Elephant" by George Orwell
• "Sixty-nine Cents" by Gary Shteyngart
• Video: The Danger of a Single Story
• How to Write an Annotation
• Writing for Success: Narration

Illustration/Example Essay

• Introduction to Illustration/Example Essay
• "She's Your Basic L.O.L. in N.A.D" by Perri Klass
• "April & Paris" by David Sedaris
• Writing for Success: Illustration/Example
• Student Sample: Illustration/Example Essay

Compare/Contrast Essay

• Introduction to Compare/Contrast Essay
• "Disability" by Nancy Mairs
• "Friending, Ancient or Otherwise" by Alex Wright
• "A South African Storm" by Allison Howard
• Writing for Success: Compare/Contrast
• Student Sample: Compare/Contrast Essay

Cause-and-Effect Essay

• Introduction to Cause-and-Effect Essay
• "Cultural Baggage" by Barbara Ehrenreich
• "Women in Science" by K.C. Cole
• Writing for Success: Cause and Effect
• Student Sample: Cause-and-Effect Essay

Argument Essay

• Introduction to Argument Essay
• Rogerian Argument
• "The Case Against Torture," by Alisa Soloman
• "The Case for Torture" by Michael Levin
• How to Write a Summary by Paraphrasing Source Material
• Writing for Success: Argument
• Student Sample: Argument Essay
• Grammar/Mechanics Mini-lessons
• Mini-lesson: Subjects and Verbs, Irregular Verbs, Subject Verb Agreement
• Mini-lesson: Sentence Types
• Mini-lesson: Fragments I
• Mini-lesson: Run-ons and Comma Splices I
• Mini-lesson: Comma Usage
• Mini-lesson: Parallelism
• Mini-lesson: The Apostrophe
• Mini-lesson: Capital Letters
• Grammar Practice - Interactive Quizzes
• De Copia - Demonstration of the Variety of Language
• Style Exercise: Voice

Have you ever read the summary of a book, instead of actually reading the whole thing? It is a useful tool to grasp all the information in a time-saving manner. Let us learn how to write an effective summary of any given work.

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A summary is a brief write up that sums up the whole story or book. This brief account will summarize all the main points of the essay or story. The summary will inform the reader of all the main points and the overriding theme of the larger piece of work .

The point of a summary is to save the reader some valuable time. It will still relay all the important information of the original work but is much shorter.

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How to Write a Summary

1] read the literature carefully.

The best way to summarize a work is to be very well versed with the piece. So it must read carefully and thoroughly. It might need more than one reading to be thorough with the whole book or story.

2] Make Notes

After you have read the piece, you can jot down the main points. It is here you must be careful not to focus too much on the details, but only write down what is of essential importance to the story, i.e. only the major plots. There is no need to be too detailed since it is not the point.

3] Begin Writing from Memory

Once you have the points noted down, begin expanding on those points. It is best that at this stage you write from your memory of the work. This will ensure that you are using your own words instead of just repeating what the original author of the work had written.

There may be a point, where you feel it is essential to use the actual words from the original work. Then you must do so, but those words should be put in quotation marks, to make sure the reader is aware of their source.

4] Do Not Give Personal Opinions

The point of is simply to summarize the original literature. We must not inadvertently review the work. The summary must only represent the thoughts and the works of the author . There is no need to give your own personal opinion about the writing, or your interpretation of the story. We do not critique the work, we simply summarize it.

Finally, we will read and review our summary and edit it to make it more refined. While you are doing the final edit of the summary, there are a few notes you may keep in mind, to make the summary more organized and brief.

• Make sure if it is a story, then the summary is in the correct chronological order. Messing up the flow of the story in the summary will confuse the reader.
• Another point to keep in mind is that there should be no repeating information. The whole point of the summary is to be brief and to the point. So eliminate any information you may have repeated.
• Check the summary for its length . It cannot be too long, which defeats the purpose of writing a summary. But also it cannot be too brief with some important points missing.
• Finally, we check for grammatical or spelling errors .

Solved Questions for You

Q: Choose the option that best summarizes the following: In a very happy mood, he read the letter in which it was stated that he had been accepted into the university.

• In a very happy state, he read his university acceptance letter
• He was in a happy state when he was reading the acceptance letter from the university
• He was happy when the letter came
• Happily, he read his university acceptance letter.

Ans: the correct option is “D”. It perfectly summarizes the text, gives all the important details and is brief and to the point.

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कैसे समरी पैराग्राफ (summary paragraph) की शुरुआत करें

यह आर्टिकल लिखा गया सहयोगी लेखक द्वारा Richard Perkins . रिचर्ड पर्किन्स एक लेखन कोच, अकादमिक अंग्रेजी समन्वयक और पीएलसी लर्निंग सेंटर के संस्थापक हैं। 24 से अधिक वर्षों के शिक्षा अनुभव के साथ, वह शिक्षकों को छात्रों को लेखन सिखाने के लिए उपकरण देता है और प्राथमिक से विश्वविद्यालय स्तर के छात्रों के साथ कुशल, आत्मविश्वासी लेखक बनने के लिए काम करता है। रिचर्ड नेशनल राइटिंग प्रोजेक्ट में फेलो हैं। कैलिफ़ोर्निया स्टेट यूनिवर्सिटी लॉन्ग बीच के ग्लोबल एजुकेशन प्रोजेक्ट में एक शिक्षक नेता और सलाहकार के रूप में, मिस्टर पर्किन्स शिक्षक कार्यशालाओं का निर्माण करते हैं और प्रस्तुत करते हैं जो K-12 पाठ्यक्रम में U.N. के 17 सतत विकास लक्ष्यों को एकीकृत करते हैं। उन्होंने दक्षिणी कैलिफोर्निया विश्वविद्यालय से संचार और टीवी में बीए और कैलिफोर्निया स्टेट यूनिवर्सिटी डोमिंगुएज हिल्स से एमएड किया है। यह आर्टिकल ६,२६८ बार देखा गया है।

समरी पैराग्राफ पाठक को एक बढ़े टेक्स्ट के बारे में महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी संक्षेप में देता है | आप किसी विषय में पढ़ाये जाने वाली लघु कहानी या नॉवल के लिए समरी पैराग्राफ लिख सकते हैं | या आप किसी ऐकडेमिक टेक्स्ट या स्कॉलरली (scholarly) लेख के लिए इसे लिख सकते हैं | शुरुआत करने के लिए, सबसे पहले मूल टेक्स्ट की आउटलाइन तैयार करें | फिर, एक प्रभावशाली ओपनिंग लाइन लिखें और संक्षिप्त लेकिन जानकारी से भरा अच्छा समरी पैराग्राफ लिखें |

समरी पैराग्राफ को व्यवस्थित करना

• अगर आप बड़े मूल टेक्स्ट पर काम कर रहे हैं, तो उसकी मार्जिन में हर पैराग्राफ की छोटी आउटलाइन लिख लें | समरी में महत्वपूर्ण कीवर्ड्स, वाक्यांश या बातों को शामिल करें | आप इन नोट्स को समरी पैराग्राफ में शामिल कर सकते हैं |

• उदाहरण के तौर पर, अगर आप ऍफ़ स्कॉट फिट्ज़गेराल्ड (F. Scott Fitzgerald) की द ग्रेट गैट्सबी (The Great Gatsby) को मूल टेक्स्ट मान रहे हैं, तो आप कई सारे विषयों या थीम जैसे “दोस्ती (friendship),” “सोशल स्टेटस (social status),” “दौलत (wealth),” और “हासिल नहीं हुआ प्यार (unrequited love) को शामिल कर सकते हैं |”

• इन समर्थन वाले उदाहरण की एक सूची बनाएं और उनमें क्या होता है ये लिख कर उनका संक्षिप्त में वर्णन करें | आप इन उदाहरणों का अपने समरी पैराग्राफ में ज़िक्र कर सकते हैं |

एक प्रभावशाली ओपनिंग लाइन सोचें

• उदाहरण के तौर पर, आप ऐसे शुरू कर सकते हैं, “नॉवल द ग्रेट गैट्सबी (1925), में लेखक ऍफ़. स्कॉट. फिट्जगेराल्ड …”.
• अगर आप किसी लेख की समरी लिख रहे हैं, तो आप ऐसे शुरू कर सकते हैं, “उनके लेख, “इंटरसेक्शुऐलिटी क्या है?” नैंसी क़र (2001) के मुताबिक...”

• उदाहरण के तौर पर, आप लिख सकते हैं, “नॉवल द ग्रेट गैट्सबी (1925), में ऍफ़.स्कॉट. फिट्ज़गेराल्ड पेश करते हैं...”
• एक लेख के लिए, आप लिख सकते हैं, अपने लेख “इंटरसेक्शुऐलिटी क्या है?” में नैंसी क़र (2001) ये दावा करती हैं...”

• उदाहरण के तौर पर, आप लिख सकते हैं, “नॉवल द ग्रेट गैट्सबी (1925), में ऍफ़.स्कॉट. फिट्ज़गेराल्ड रहस्य्मयी शख्स जे गैट्सबी (jay gatsby) के दुख भरे जीवन का वृतांत उनके पड़ोसी, निक कैरावे (Nick Carraway) की नज़र से पेश करते हैं |”
• एक लेख के लिए, आप लिख सकते हैं, “उनके लेख, “इंटरसेक्शुऐलिटी क्या है?” में नैंसी क़र (2001) ये दावा करती हैं की ऐकडेमिक बातचीतों में अक्सर सेक्शुऐलिटी से चर्चाओं में लोग आम जनता की इंटरसेक्शुऐलिटी की ओर बढ़ती रूचि को नज़रअंदाज़ कर देते हैं।”

अच्छा समरी पैराग्राफ लिखना

• उदाहरण के तौर पर, अगर आप द ग्रेट गैट्सबी (The Great Gatsby) की बात कर रहे हैं, तो आपको उसके दो मुख्य किरदार (जे गैट्सबी और उनके पड़ोसी/कथा वाचक निक कैरावे) पर ध्यान देना चाहिए | इसके अलावा, आपको नॉवल में क्या क्या होता है, सब कुछ कहाँ घटित होता है, और क्यों फिट्ज़गेराल्ड इन दो किरदारों के जीवन की चर्चा कर रहा है इस पर भी ध्यान देना चाहिए |

• उदाहरण के तौर पर, अगर आप किसी लेख का ज़िक्र कर रहे हैं, तो आप लेखक की मुख्य जिरह के विचारों को अपनी समरी में समर्थन देने के लिए प्रयोग कर सकते हैं | इसी तरह, अगर आप कोई नॉवल या लघु कहानी पर चर्चा कर रहे हैं, आप उस कथा की मुख्य घटनाओं को समर्थन के लिए इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं |

• ये ध्यान में रखें की समरी पैराग्राफ को मूल टेक्स्ट में से सिर्फ ज़रूरी जानकारी बतानी चाहिए | आपको अपने समरी पैराग्राफ में अपनी राय या जिरह पेश करने की ज़रुरत नहीं है | ये आपके पेपर के किसी और हिस्से या पैराग्राफ में शामिल किया जा सकता है |

• आप किसी राइटिंग इंस्ट्रक्टर या दोस्त को अपना समरी पैराग्राफ पैराग्राफ दिखा कर उनसे उसके बारे में उनकी राय माँगें | उस व्यक्ति से कहें की वो सुनिश्चित करें की समरी पैराग्राफ में टेक्स्ट से जुड़ी सभी महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी संक्षिप्त और साफ़ भाषा में शामिल है |

संबंधित लेखों

• ↑ http://academics.smcvt.edu/cbauer-ramazani/AEP/EN104/summary.htm
• ↑ http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/summary-using-it-wisely/
• ↑ http://homepage.smc.edu/reading_lab/writing_a_summary.htm

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How to Write a Resume Profile or Summary Statement

A resume summary or career profile is a brief statement at the top of your resume. If you are a career changer or have many years of experience, craft a powerful summary to highlight your accomplishments and skills.  Show the employer, at a glance, why you’re qualified for the job!

Resume Profile Guidelines 

General guidelines to keep in mind: 

• Keep your profile short. Two to five phrases written in a bulleted form or brief paragraph will do. Think of the summary as a snapshot of your skills,  accomplishments, and knowledge.
• Label your profile professionally: Summary of Qualifications, Career Profile, Career Highlights, Professional Summary, or just Summary or Profile. 
• Place your profile section at the top of your resume page, above your work history, so that the employer can see it when they first review your resume.

How To Create Your Profile

To choose what to highlight in your summary, research positions of interest and write a list of the common requirements and qualifications. 

Assess your skills and credentials. How does your background and experience align with the qualifications outlined in the job description? Select skills, experiences, special knowledge, and accomplishments that you want to highlight in your profile selection.

Next draft a few phrases that summarize your Skills/Experience/Accomplishments/Knowledge/Education

Now write a sentence describing your “professional role,” which you can use as the opening line in your profile. For example: 

• Accomplished Marketing Executive with over 10 year experience in…
• Fully knowledgeable in…
• Experience managing professional staff including…

Finally, put all of the sentences together and edit for a clean, concise, and compelling profile statement. 

Career Profile 

Successful professional with corporate marketing and training experience seeking position in nonprofit organization leveraging fundraising and program development skills. Recognized for ability to develop strong relationships and plan strategically. Strengths include: 

• Time Management
• Relationship Building
• Public Speaking

Highly skilled and results-oriented professional with solid academic preparation holding a Juris Doctor degree and extensive experience in intelligence and special operations seeks position in risk management. Proven ability to assess and manage complex obstacles; viewed as a strong troubleshooter. Successful in intense and demanding environments, providing decisive team leadership and structure with a track record of motivating and developing soldiers. Willing to relocate.

Publishing executive with multi-faceted background encompassing international licensing and brand management. Developed specialties in editorial planning, global marketing strategy, and design. Managed multiple projects simultaneously and efficiently by overseeing the daily operations of 17 magazine titles worldwide. Proven ability to develop strong relationships across cultures and to provide decisive team leadership in a fast-paced environment.

Additional Resources

We have many resources available to help you navigate career change and showcase your transferable skills.   

• For tips on resume structure and content read through Writing a Resume: Getting Started and Resumes with Impact: Creating Strong Bullet Points  
• For detailed instruction, view the webinars on Writing a Results Focused and Targeted Resume and How to Perfect Your Professional Narrative

Related Resources

Writing a Resume: Getting Started

If you’re applying for an internship or job, attending a networking event, or seeking a volunteer opportunity, chances are you’ll need a resume. We’ll walk you through the basics.

Resumes with Impact: Creating Strong Bullet Points

How can you make your resume stand out to an employer? This resource will help you learn how to use the STAR method to develop strong bullet points that highlight your skills and accomplishments relevant to a position.

How to Explain Employment Gaps

Learn tips to address employment gaps on your application materials and in interviews.

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Summary Writing

Summary writing is the process of shortening a long text by only highlighting the main ideas and information of the text. The summary of a long text or a book gives the reader an idea of what information is there in that long text or book. Every book has a small paragraph written on its back, which is the summary of the book, providing an idea of the contents of the book. Similarly, a summary is used in many places, including a person's work-life as well. Here, we will discuss how to write a summary in detail.

Summarizing a Story! A summary is considered as a brief write-up that is used for summing up the whole story in one short paragraph. This short paragraph will contain all the main ideas and essential information about the story. This paragraph is used to give a quick overview of the story or its gist. The summary is responsible for informing the reader about the main points and the actual theme of the story. By going through this write-up you will learn how to make a summary of a given story.

The only objective of the summary is to save some valuable time for the reader by giving him an instant short overview of what the whole story is all about. Despite being the shorter version of the story, the summary will contain all the main ideas that will help a reader understand what exactly is the story about.

How to Write a Summary?

Before attempting to write a summary, a student must have a basic understanding of it. Without any knowledge, a student is incapable of creating a good summary that can give a good overview. Summary writing seems easy, but it is not until you have understood all the rules and regulations of writing a summary, that you can write one. To write a summary you must follow the following predetermined steps.

Read the Assigned Text or Story Carefully

The best way to summarize a larger text or a story precisely is by understanding the text of the story properly. For understanding a story correctly, a person has to read that piece properly with full focus and sincerity. The reader must read the piece thoroughly without skipping anything. The reader might need more than one reading to be thorough on the piece assigned.

Make Notes of Important Points

After reading the whole piece, the next step is to jot down the main points of the larger text or the story for future reference. This is a crucial step in summarizing as the reader has to identify the points which are important enough to be jotted down. Jotting down points that are not important can affect the quality of the summary, and it is not necessary also as we are not giving a detailed overview through a summary.

Begin Writing Using Your Memory

After jotting down the main points, the next step is to elaborate and expand those points. At this stage, it is suggested that students should elaborate on the points using their memory that they have gained while reading the piece. This will ensure that students will use their own words in the summary despite reading the words that are there in the original piece, which are written by the author. Go through some summary writing examples for Class 10 to get a better insight into it.

Avoid Giving Personal Opinions

While summarizing a text or a story, one must avoid using his or her personal opinions in.The summary must contain all the facts and figures that are in the assigned text or the story. There should not be any alterations in the writings of the author. One should not interpret the work and add his or her reviews in the summary since he or she is not the critique for that work. One must simply summarize it without any changes.

The last step is to review and evaluate the summary that has been written to identify the mistakes and rectify them to make the summary appropriate. The summary must be reviewed thoroughly before submitting it. While doing the final edit of the summary, there are some points to keep in mind which are as follows.

If the assigned piece is a story, then one must ensure that the summary is written following the correct chronological order of the facts as given in the story.

One must ensure that a particular point is not repeated twice. Any repeated information must get deleted during the review.

The length of the summary must be short. A long summary defies the purpose of the summary.

Check for grammatical errors.

Summary Writing Format

The following summary format should be followed while summary writing in English.

The introductory part

A view on the main points of the story or text

A conclusion on the whole part

Difference Between Summary and Precis?

A summary is a concise statement or repeat of key themes, usually at the end of work: a chapter summary.

Precis writing is a summary or essence of a long section that is designed to cover all of the text's intricacies and key characteristics while using the fewest words possible.

The Difference Between the Two is Mentioned Below:

If you wish to have  more knowledge on how to go about Summary writing, you can follow Vedantu and ace the summary game.

FAQs on Summary

1. How to write a summary of a story?

To write an English story summary, one has to first read the assigned story thoroughly to understand the main ideas and information that the story has. Thorough knowledge of the story can help to create an efficient summary. After reading the story, one needs to jot down the important points and main ideas of the story for future reference. After jotting down the points, one can start writing the summary referring to these points. Personal opinions should not be included in the summary, and the message of the author should not get altered or changed.

2. Why learning summary writing is important for a student's career?

Students need a strong grammatical base to be successful in their career. Summarizing is one of the most effective ways to strengthen the grammatical base of a student. Through summarizing students can learn the various uses of nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives and can also learn how to interchange words by using synonyms without changing the meaning of the sentence. Hence, they enhance their focusing skills as they extract the main points from the assigned text to be summarized.

3. How to download the Vedantu explanation of how to write a summary from the website in PDF format?

The explanation on how to write different types of summaries can be downloaded from the Vedantu website. The Essay is accessible in PDF format for all students on Vedantu's official website and may be downloaded for free. Students should download the Vedantu website's Essay on writing summaries to understand what is required to write a good summary. Vedantu Essays are written in basic English, which is easy to comprehend. Following the Vedantu essays ensures that students are adequately prepared for any subject and that they will receive high grades.

4. Why is learning how to write a summary helpful for students?

Vedantu's explanation of how to write a summary is both exemplary and well-structured. The explanation provided is in simple and lucid language. They are available for free on the Vedantu website. The explanation is written by qualified lecturers and experts in the English language. It enables students to understand the basics of how to write a summary while ensuring that students score well in their examinations. Students are urged to practise writing many summaries in order to pass the test; only after they have had enough practice can they be fully prepared to write the actual exam.

5. How does summary help students with revision?

A summary is essentially a summed up version of the original information. It is generally reinterpreted by students in their own words in order for them to grasp the concepts more readily. Students can recollect all of the major topics and concepts linked to such topics just by looking at the notes. It will also help them save time while making last-minute preparations. Summarizing also teaches students how to recognise the most significant concepts in a book, how to filter out unnecessary material, and how to connect the core ideas in a meaningful way. Considering all these factors, Vedantu strives at providing you with the best alternatives to refer from.

6. List out some of the do’s and don’t of summary writing?

Do’s for Summary Writing:  

To make the summary easier to read, start with the passage's main concept. 

Give a clear understanding of what they're about to read. 

Make a list of all the significant aspects as you read the paragraph, highlight it with a pen and incorporate them in the summary. 

Follow the passage's primary concept with the facts, points, methods, etc. given in the passage. 

Include all of the significant terminology and keywords from the paragraph, while explaining it in your own words. 

Keep note of the tenses you use in the summary. Data on previous historical events must only be described in the past tense. 

There must be a link between the data you're putting in the precis and the information you're providing. There should be some cross-references.

Don’ts for Summary Writing: 

The length of the summary must be less than the passage's length.

Use simple vocabulary and avoid overcomplicating the description. 

Make no assumptions or add information to the precis based on your own whims. 

Do not add your own commentary or criticism to the understanding. 

Abbreviations should be avoided. 

Do not write assertions in the question format. 

Don't concentrate on any one particular topic for too long.

For more such information, look up Vedantu’s website.