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Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Electronic Theses and Dissertation (ETD) website is a one-stop shop for everything graduate students need for submitting their final documents electronically. The ETD Guide provides step-by-step instructions, with visual examples, to help explain the Graduate School’s formatting and production requirements. Students are encouraged to read the ETD Guide before writing and make sure to refer to the guide throughout the writing process. Using one of our ETD templates can also simplify the formatting process.

Before submitting the first ETD draft, all students should review the ETD Process page , which provides important details about each stage of the ETD review and approval process.  Also, students are encouraged to review this ETD formatting checklist , which covers some common issues.

The NC State Graduate School offers 100% electronic processing for graduate theses and dissertations. This means that all ETD reviews, ETD final submissions, Graduate School and Advisory Committee ETD approvals, and NCSU Library catalogs are electronic. The public may access NC State ETDs online on the library’s repository website.  After consulting the ETD Guide, feel free to send any questions to the ETD Reviewer ( [email protected] ).

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Electronic Theses & Dissertations (ETDs)

• Submission Checklist
• Formatting Requirements
• Submission Deadlines

An Electronic Thesis or Dissertation (ETD) is a requirement for graduation from Doctoral programs and available to graduates from Masters programs.

What is an ETD?

An electronic thesis or dissertation (ETD) is a digital version of a thesis or dissertation that will be deposited in the JScholarship repository managed by the Sheridan Libraries and be available online to the public.

Universities and colleges in the United States and abroad have been moving toward this type of publication for the past decade. Johns Hopkins started its own ETD program beginning in the fall semester of 2013.

Who does this apply to?

• Required for all PhD Students
• Optional for Masters students with a required thesis; contact your graduate office for information
• Other graduate degrees: Consult with your graduate office

How and when do I submit my ETD?

• Submit after you have defended your thesis or dissertation and made all edits required by your committee
• Follow the formatting requirements
• Login with your JHED ID to the JHU ETD submission system , fill in the required metadata, and upload a PDF/A file of your thesis or dissertation
• The required PDF/A file format is different from a standard PDF. Please see the formatting requirements for further instructions

Fee Payment

The ETD submission fee is $60 and may be paid by credit card or by funds transfer from your department. The fee is due at the time of submission; payment verification is required for approval.

Pay by Credit Card – $60

IMPORTANT: If the card you are using is not your own (e.g., spouse or parent’s card), proceed with the payment at the site, but then email your name, your JHED ID, and the name of the credit card owner to etd-[email protected] so we can link your submission with the payment.

Pay by Department Funds Transfer

NOTE: This option is available at departmental discretion. Request that the department administrator fill out the PDF form and submit it to [email protected] .

Learn More about ETDs

Video tutorials.

A video tutorial of the entire ETD process can be viewed on YouTube

Frequently Asked Questions

No. If your department does not coordinate printing and binding, you might consider Thesis on Demand or PhD Bookbinding . You can upload your PDF, and they will print it, bind it, and ship it to you.

Yes. No individual file can be larger than 512 MB, and the total size of all files cannot exceed 4 GB. If your thesis or dissertation is larger than that, please email [email protected] .

Within a few months following degree conferral, ETDs are sent to JScholarship , our institutional repository. There are separate sections in JScholarship for masters theses and doctoral dissertations . If you placed an embargo on your ETD, only the metadata (author, title, abstract, etc.) will be available until the embargo period is up.

Once published, changes cannot be made to your ETD. You are responsible for ensuring your ETD has been thoroughly proofread before you submit to the library.

Students submitting Electronic Theses and Dissertations are responsible for determining any copyright or fair use questions. For assistance, please consult the Copyright LibGuide or contact the librarian listed on the guide.

By default, ETDs are published to JScholarship a few months after you graduate. If you wish to temporarily restrict public access to your ETD, during the ETD submission process you can embargo your document for up to four years. Please note that the title and abstract of your document will still be visible during your embargo. You may release your document from embargo early or extend it up to the four-year maximum by emailing [email protected] . Once your document is published, however, we cannot make changes to embargoes.

Contact ETD Office

Milton S. Eisenhower Library [email protected]

ETDs on JScholarship

Electronic theses and dissertations from JHU students. Go to ETDs

JScholarship Home

Open access publications from JHU faculty and students. Visit JScholarship

Please start by reviewing the formatting requirements and submission checklist .

If you have additional questions, email [email protected] for the fastest response.

If we are unable to resolve your inquiry via email, you may request an in-person meeting. Due to the volume of ETDs, we cannot meet on deadline days, or the two days before deadlines.

Please note we do not provide formatting reviews by email, only via the submission system .

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Home > Theses and Dissertations

Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Religious Commitment, Religious Harm, and Psychological Distress: Course of Treatment Outcomes , Dane Abegg

Indirect Tensile Strength of Clayey Soils Treated with Cement or Lime , Melissa Adams Cowley

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Page 1 of 401

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ETDs: Virginia Tech Electronic Theses and Dissertations

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Virginia Tech has been a world leader in electronic theses and dissertation initiatives for more than 20 years. On January 1, 1997, Virginia Tech was the first university to require electronic submission of theses and dissertations (ETDs). Ever since then, Virginia Tech graduate students have been able to prepare, submit, review, and publish their theses and dissertations online and to append digital media such as images, data, audio, and video.

University Libraries staff are currently digitizing thousands of pre-1997 theses and dissertations and loading them into VTechWorks. Most of these theses and dissertations are fully available to the public, but we will, in general, honor requests by the item's author to restrict access to Virginia Tech only. See our process for Requesting that Material be Amended or Removed .

To search all Virginia Tech print and digital theses and dissertations, use the University Libraries ETD resource guide .

Materials that are restricted to Virginia Tech only may be requested via your own university or public library's Interlibrary Loan program or through the VTechWorks request form that appears when you try to access the item. You might also be able to obtain a copy of the work through ProQuest's database of theses and dissertations. If you are on a Virginia Tech campus but are unable to find the pre-1997 thesis or dissertation you are seeking in VTechWorks, you may also be able to order a physical copy from library storage. Please check the library catalog at http://www.lib.vt.edu/ for physical copies.

The guidelines that apply to Virginia Tech's graduate students as ETD authors can be found at http://guides.lib.vt.edu/ETDguide .

New! - Help video: Searching for Electronic Theses and Dissertations in VTechWorks

Collections in this community

Award-winning theses and dissertations [74], doctoral dissertations [16850], masters theses [22213], undergraduate theses [4], virginia tech etd resources [17], recent submissions.

Control of Periodic Systems Governed by Partial Differential Equations Using Averaging 

Hempseed oil as a novel source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and its effect on inflammation in sedentary horses 

Bamboo Housing: Building with Composites for Dignity and Longevity 

A Continuum Kinetic Investigation into the Role of Transport Physics in the Bohm Speed formulation 

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and Older Drivers – Mobility, Perception, and Safety 

Advancing Fundamental Understanding of Lead-Tin Solder Corrosion in Drinking Water: Nitrate Spallation Mechanism, Inhibition by Zinc Orthophosphate and Free Chlorine, and Implications for Canned Foods 

Starting Your ETD 

Investigating the Relationship Between Objective and Subjective Measures of Physical Demand During Passive Exoskeleton Use 

Innovative Coexistence: Design and Analysis of Underlay Signaling in 5G New Radio 

Explainable and Robust Data-Driven Machine Learning Methods for Digital Healthcare Monitoring 

Epoxy-Based, Rapid Setting Polymer Concretes for use in Military Airfield Repairs 

Elementary School Administrators' Perceptions of Restorative Justice Regarding Student Discipline in One Rural Division in Virginia 

Evaluation and Analysis on the Effect of Power Module Architecture on Common Mode Electromagnetic Interference 

Prototyping Hardware-compressed Memory for Multi-tenant Systems 

Drag Reduction by Polymeric Additive Solutions 

A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Models for Multivariate NextG Network Traffic Prediction with SLA-based Loss Function 

Selective Laser Melting of Finemet Soft Magnetic Material 

Empirical Investigations of More Practical Fault Localization Approaches 

Unveiling Causal Links, Temporal Patterns, and System-Level Dynamics of Freshwater Salinization Using Transit Time Distribution Theory 

Development and Evaluation of an Assistive In-Vehicle System for Responding to Anxiety in Smart Vehicles 

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• Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs): Overview

Uw master’s theses and doctoral dissertations.

"A thesis or dissertation constitutes an important contribution to scholarship. Disseminating such contributions is consistent with the University of Washington’s mission to share its scholarly work with other scholars, students, and the public. Therefore, the University views the wide and timely dissemination of thesis and dissertation results as an obligation of students.

The Graduate School requires that all theses and dissertations be deposited electronically and made available through the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database , and through the University of Washington Libraries’ ResearchWorks repository service – which makes them available to other UW researchers and the general public."

- UW Graduate School's  Policy for Deposit and Dissemination of Master’s Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Latest ETD Webinar

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• UW Graduate School Thesis/Dissertation Website The starting point for all of the Grad School's information about the ETD process
• UW ETD Administrator The portal through which you will upload your thesis or dissertation
• UW ResearchWorks UW's institutional repository, which hosts all theses and dissertations and makes them openly available on the web
• UW Copyright Guide Information about US copyright law

Scholarly Publishing Outreach Librarian

Director, Scholarly Communications and Publishing

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• Last Updated: Sep 12, 2023 11:59 AM
• URL: https://guides.lib.uw.edu/research/etds

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Graduate College

Electronic thesis & dissertation faq, uiuc acknowledgement heading link copy link, the uic graduate college would like to thank the uiuc graduate college for use of some of the following and for continued collaboration with the etd project., etd heading link copy link, what is an etd.

An ETD is an Electronic Thesis or Dissertation. Instead of the traditional submission process, in which a student submits paper copies to be bound, catalogued, and disseminated in hard copy through the University Library, ETDs allow for the creation, submission, and dissemination of graduate research in digital form. The components and structure of an ETD are essentially the same as a traditional paper thesis.

What is UIC Indigo? Heading link Copy link

What is uic indigo.

UIC Indigo is the digital repository for research and scholarship produced at the University of Illinois at Chicago. UIC Indigo collects, disseminates, and provides persistent and reliable access to the research and scholarship of faculty, staff, and students at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Format & PDF Conversion Heading link Copy link

All UIC theses and dissertations must adhere to the Graduate College thesis requirements.  For ETDs there are a few differences from the paper submission.  Follow the Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Format below for more information.

Additional requirements for ETDs include:

• The document must be submitted as a single Portable Document File (PDF).
• The PDF file must be named Lastname_Firstname.pdf, where “Lastname” and “Firstname” are that of the student.
• Security settings should not be applied to the PDF file.
• The PDF file should not contain embedded multimedia.
• Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Format

PDF Conversion Heading link Copy link

Pdf conversion.

MS Word and Adobe Acrobat are two options for converting files to PDF. Installing Acrobat onto a computer allows the user to generate a PDF file by selecting “Adobe PDF” as the printer from within the program. Computers containing both MS Word and Acrobat Professional are available in computer labs on campus.

Before beginning the PDF conversion process, however, you are strongly encouraged to embed the fonts you have used in your thesis into the file to be converted. Embedding fonts will help to ensure that the material in your thesis will display correctly when viewed or printed from the PDF file. To further ensure that material displays correctly in the PDF file, use of either a Type 1 or TrueType font is recommended. Times New Roman, Arial, and Calibri are among the numerous TrueType fonts that are available in popular word processing programs.

PDF conversion services may also be found online. Some of these online services are free and others are not. We have also included links below to LaTeX conversion resources.

Students are responsible for checking the PDF file of their thesis after the conversion process to verify that all material displays correctly.

• ACCC C-Stop Labs
• LaTeX to PDF
• How to make a PDF document from a LaTeX source

Submitting Your Thesis Heading link Copy link

Thesis size.

If any of your files are larger than 512MB in size, we recommend submitting them from a “wired” on-campus connection (e.g. any public computer lab on campus). It may also be possible to submit these files from off-campus if you are using a private, high-speed internet connection. However, it is not recommended to submit larger files from wireless internet available in coffee houses or bookstores, as these businesses sometimes limit the size of files you may transmit.

If you have any difficulties in uploading your thesis files, please contact the Graduate College Thesis Office at [email protected] or (312) 996-3958.

When to Submit Heading link Copy link

When to submit.

You should only submit your thesis for review by the Graduate College Thesis Office AFTER

• your defense has occurred, and
• your advisor and/or committee has approved the final version of your thesis with all content corrected, and
• you have made all format corrections requested by your departmental thesis reviewer.

Documents submitted prior to departmental approval will be rejected.

The Thesis Office will not review your submission until we have received notification of departmental approval. In most cases, format reviews will be performed within three or fewer business days of the latter of either (a) submission of the electronic document or (b) confirmation of departmental approval. If you submit close to the submission deadline for a semester, the approval process may take up to three weeks.  You will be notified by email of the outcome of the Graduate College’s review, including a list of required changes (if any) and instructions for completing the deposit of your thesis.  Review by the Graduate College may be more than three days at the thesis submission deadlines.

Supplemental Material Heading link Copy link

Supplemental material.

• For ETD submissions, students may upload supplemental electronic files as part of their thesis or dissertation. These files are considered appendix items, and an appendix page must be included as part of the thesis and should be numbered accordingly. This page should include brief information about the supplemental file(s), such as “Appendix A: Interview Transcriptions,” and a brief description of the material.
• The thesis or dissertation itself should be understandable without the supplemental appendix materials.
• As part of the thesis, it is the responsibility of the director of research and committee to review and approve appendix materials.

Submission Service Heading link Copy link

Submission service.

No. Departmental format review is an independent process, and your department may require either a paper or electronic copy of your thesis for review.

Submission Final Date Heading link Copy link

Submission final date.

Deposit deadlines are listed on the Graduate College’s Academic Calendar. Thesis Office traffic increases prior to deadlines, so it may take the Graduate College several days to reply to an electronic submission.  Keep in mind that revisions may still be required before your thesis is finalized by the Graduate College.  Additional Forms/Payments/Receipt should be received by the Graduate College Thesis Office by the thesis deposit deadline of your intended graduation term.  Any format corrections to the ETD after you have submitted it must be completed by the date given to you by the Graduate College after the initial review of the submission.

• Academic Calendar
• Additional Forms/Payments/Receipt

Thesis Acceptence Heading link Copy link

Thesis acceptence.

Your deposit will be confirmed in an email from the Graduate College Thesis Office after a correctly formatted thesis has been accepted and all required additional materials have been received.

Thesis Paper Copy Heading link Copy link

Thesis paper copy.

Effective with submissions for Fall 2011 and forward only electronic submissions will be accepted.

ETD Location Heading link Copy link

Etd location.

Following acceptance, your document will be electronically available via UIC Indigo. Doctoral dissertations will also be listed in the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) database, the most comprehensive collection of dissertations and theses in the world.

Department Copy Heading link Copy link

Department copy.

No. The library does not provide a print copy of your thesis to your department.  A printable PDF version of your thesis or dissertation will be available through the UIC Indigo web site.  However, your department may still require you to directly provide it with a print copy.

Thesis Contact Heading link Copy link

Thesis contact.

Please contact the Graduate College Thesis Office at [email protected] or 312-996-3958.

Copyright Heading link Copy link

The copyright to a thesis belongs to the student, according to the University’s General Rules. As a condition of being awarded the degree, however, the student grants the University the non-exclusive right “to retain, use and distribute a limited number of copies of the thesis, together with the right to require its publication for archival use.”

• University’s General Rules

Intellectual Property Heading link Copy link

Intellectual property.

Please contact the University’s Office of Technology Management.

• UIC Office of Technology Management

Copyright Register Heading link Copy link

Copyright register.

You may register your copyright directly through the United States Copyright Office.

• United States Copyright Office

Registration Requirement Heading link Copy link

Registration requirement.

No. There are, however, certain benefits to registering your copyright. The U.S. Copyright Office provides a thorough explanation of these benefits.

Copyright Retention Heading link Copy link

Copyright retention.

It could be possible for you to negotiate which rights you transfer to a publisher before you sign a publishing agreement. The Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) has developed an author addendum that students may find useful in negotiating the rights that they transfer.

• SPARC Author Addendum

Previously Copyrighted Material Use Heading link Copy link

Previously copyrighted material use.

The Graduate College does not advise students on what can or cannot be considered “fair use.” Students are urged to consult the U.S. Copyright Office’s explanation of “fair use.” Also, consult with your advisor and Director of Graduate Studies. Students may find the following resources helpful in making their own determination–and documenting that determination–of whether permission is required for the use of previously copyrighted material in a thesis:

• U.S. Copyright Office Fair Use Index

Protection of Anothers Copyright Heading link Copy link

Protection of anothers copyright.

Did you create the material? If not, you will need to identify the owner of the work’s copyright and determine whether the work’s copyright protection has expired. You may find the following publication of the U.S. Copyright Office helpful:

• How to Investigate the Copyright Status of a Work (PDF)

No Longer Owning Copyright Heading link Copy link

No longer owning copyright.

Yes. If your work has been published, you may have transferred the copyright to the publisher. Check your publishing agreement: if the publisher owns the copyright to your work, you will need to request permission to reprint it in your thesis and elsewhere.

Sample Permission Request Letter Heading link Copy link

Sample permission request letter.

Yes, a detailed example of the content that should be included in the permission request letter is provided on page 4 of A Student’s Guide to Copyrights and Fair Use   (see “Copyright”) a publication of the Office of Technology Management.

• A Student’s Guide toCopyrights and Fair Use

Permission Help Heading link Copy link

Permission help.

The Graduate College does not provide such assistance. Please note that it remains the student’s responsibility to determine what material requires copyright clearance.

Thesis Requirements Heading link Copy link

Thesis requirements.

Yes, an abstract is required of all theses and dissertations. The abstract must be written in English and will be submitted in a text field in the electronic submission process. There is no word limit although it is strongly recommended to keep the length to approximately 350 words.

Thesis Requirement List Heading link Copy link

Thesis requirement list.

See the Graduate College ETD format page.

• ETD Format Page

Deposit Process Heading link Copy link

Deposit process.

Upon final deposit, the thesis becomes part of the student’s academic record. No changes may be made to the thesis or dissertation after it has been approved by the Graduate College Thesis Office.

Degree Conferral Heading link Copy link

Degree conferral.

Students graduate in the three times a year, at the end of terms: Spring (May), Summer (August), and Fall (December).

Thesis Release Options Heading link Copy link

Thesis release options.

Submission of an electronic thesis or dissertation (ETD) allows you a choice of the timing of the release of your thesis and the audience to whom your thesis is released.

During the creation of your ETD submission profile, you will have the opportunity to select one of three options for the release of your work.   Note that these options apply to UIC Indigo only.

• Option 1—Open Access: The thesis or dissertation will be publicly available through UIC Indigo soon after the date of degree conferral at the end of the graduation period for which the thesis or dissertation is submitted.
• Option 2—U of I Only: Access to the thesis or dissertation through UIC Indigo will be restricted to members of the University of Illinois community for a period of 2 years from the date of degree conferral of the graduation period for which the thesis or dissertation is submitted. The thesis or dissertation will also be available through the University Library’s Interlibrary Loan service during this period of time, after which the thesis or dissertation will become publicly available through UIC Indigo.
• Option 3—Closed Access: Access to the thesis or dissertation will be restricted such that it will not be available to anyone for a period of 2 years from the date of degree conferral of the graduation period for which the thesis or dissertation is submitted. Only author name and title information will be available during this period of time, after which the thesis or dissertation will become publicly available through UIC Indigo.

Restricted Access Extension Heading link Copy link

Restricted access extension.

Yes. Options for restricting the release of your ETD (Option 2—U of I only; Option 3—Closed access) are renewable in 2-year increments. It is the student’s responsibility to initiate a petition before the two year period is to end, including all justifications. Otherwise, the ETD automatically becomes open access on UIC Indigo at that time.

Change or Renew Release Option Heading link Copy link

Change or renew release option.

After the date of degree conferral of the graduation period for which your ETD is submitted, you may contact the Graduate College Thesis Office to change or renew your ETD release option.

Special Considerations Restriction Heading link Copy link

Special considerations restriction.

The three release options described above will accommodate the need to postpone publication for most UIC graduate students. However, due to publication norms in some disciplines, the Graduate College understands that occasionally students may wish to request other arrangements.

Petitioning an alternative release option for the ETD

• Students wishing to pursue other release options must make a formal request in writing via the Graduate College petition process.
• Students may petition for U of I Only Indefinitely release, in which access to the thesis or dissertation through UIC Indigo will be restricted to members of the University of Illinois community indefinitely. The thesis or dissertation will also have limited availability to off-campus users through the University Library’s Interlibrary Loan (ILL) service.
• Students should provide a clear justification of why distribution of their work should be limited.
• Completely limiting access indefinitely will be considered only in very exceptional circumstances.

Offering availability to the University of Illinois community as well as limited availability through ILL is consistent with the distribution practices of paper theses and dissertations. Before ETD, paper theses and dissertations were bound and catalogued by the University Library. These manuscripts are available for loan through the Library and are also available to off-campus users via Interlibrary Loan.

Submitting an ETD for deposit while a petition is under review

After submitting the petition to the Graduate College:

• Students should submit their ETD for review and deposit by creating an ETD submission profile and selecting from one of the three release options offered.
• The thesis or dissertation will be withheld from release into the UIC Indigo repository until the petition has been reviewed and a decision made.
• After the thesis/dissertation is released into UIC Indigo, it will become available according to the release option determined during the petition process.

Request Thesis Withheld for Patent Review Heading link Copy link

Request thesis withheld for patent review.

A student may request to have a thesis or dissertation withheld from public release while patentability is assessed by completing a Thesis Withholding Request Form and submitting it to the Office of Technology Management  (OTM) prior to deposit.

OTM will review the student’s request and notify the Graduate College Thesis Office that a thesis is to be withheld. Withholding a thesis for a patent review does not affect graduation or thesis deposit; all students are required to complete their thesis deposit by the deposit deadline.

• OTM Thesis Withholding Page

Request Patent Review Heading link Copy link

Request patent review.

After submitting the Thesis Withholding Request Form to the Office of Technology Management (OTM), you may create your ETD submission profile and select from one of the three release options offered. Your thesis will be withheld from release into the UIC Indigo repository until the release is approved by OTM. After the thesis is released into UIC Indigo, it will become available according to the release option you chose during the ETD submission process.

Indigo Deposit Agreement Heading link Copy link

Indigo deposit agreement.

All students depositing an ETD at the University of Illinois at Chicago are asked to read and agree to the UIC Indigo deposit agreement. Basically, your agreement to this non-exclusive license allows UIC Indigo to make your ETD available according to the release option you choose during ETD submission and to make backup copies of your ETD or to migrate it to future file formats as necessary for preservation purposes. Students retain the copyright to their own work.

ProQuest/UMI Agreement Heading link Copy link

Proquest/umi agreement.

ProQuest provides several useful services for the University, including producing the microfilm copy of your dissertation.

Thesis & Dissertation Contacts Heading link Copy link

Jim kollenbroich.

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Finding Theses and Dissertations

• Includes ETDs completed since 2002, with partial coverage from 1997-2002
• Also searchable in the Libraries' catalog
• Theses and dissertations completed at other universities

General Information

Whether a thesis or dissertation published at NC State University is available online or in print depends upon the publication date:

• 2002-present: Generally available online only
• 1997-2002: May be available online or in print
• Prior to 1997: Generally available in print only

The NC State University Libraries collects theses and dissertations completed at NC State University. The majority of the printed collection (pre-1997 and some 1997-2002) is located on the 6th floor of D. H. Hill Jr. Library. The call number area is LD 3921.

The call numbers take the format LD 3921. Dept. Name .Letter/# [ Example: LD 3921. Adult Educ. .B271]

NC State Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Since 1997, students at NC State have been able to submit an electronic version of their thesis or dissertation. On April 22, 2002, electronic submission became required. These materials are searchable in the catalog as well as the digital repository.

Searching for Theses and Dissertations at NC State

Option 1. Do an ANYWHERE search in the catalog in the following format: Theses  TOPIC Example: Theses Information Technology

Option 2. Do a SUBJECT HEADING search in the catalog in the following format: North Carolina State University Theses

Variation on Option 2: If you know the department name, it can be added to the end of the Subject Heading search. Example: North Carolina State University Theses Adult Education

If you have a question about your own NC State thesis

The NC State University Digital Repository hosts and displays the NC State University electronic theses provided by the Graduate School.

Digital Repository [email protected]

For editorial questions, or any questions about changing content in your electronic thesis:

[email protected] 919-515-4497 ETD Help

If you are not sure who to contact for your question, please contact the librarian listed at the top of this page, who will guide you to the right place.

Librarian(s)

• Cindy Levine

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University of South Florida

Office of Graduate Studies

Main navigation, electronic thesis & dissertation, etd resource center.

The ETD Resource Center is designed to be your guide to navigating the ETD Process. It is essential that all students who are submitting a master’s thesis or doctoral dissertation become familiar with the registration process, the submission process, and the ETD formatting requirements. 

We know this can be intimidating, but we strive to make the process as simple and painless as possible. Our goal is to help you ensure your manuscript looks professional and is formatted according to USF’s institutional guidelines. We want to see you graduate!

For a general overview of the ETD Process, click here .

For important ETD dates and deadlines, click here .

For information regarding the Certificate of Approval Packet, click here .

For information regarding submitting your thesis/dissertation to ProQuest, click here .

Important Information

Etd registration - how to bypass server error:.

There is currently an issue accessing the ETD registration site. Many students encounter a security warning screen after clicking the link to register. Please know that your information is secure, and we have updated all of the proper server certifications. At this time, we are still working to correct the issue.

To get through this error to the registration, you must click either "Advanced" or "Show details" (depending on your chosen browser) on that same security screen to get to the option to continue to the registration website.

Certificate of Approval Online Submission

All students planning to graduate must submit a completed Certificate of Approval Packet .

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Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center

OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) contains over 58,000 theses and dissertations from students at 31 of Ohio’s world-renowned academic institutions. In 2012, Google thanked OhioLINK for making ETD open-access content easier to find by Google Scholar. Theses and dissertations from Ohio’s academic institutions were downloaded more than six million times from researchers around the globe in 2015.

Consider reading this blog post to learn more about the upload process for theses and dissertations. And also check out our overview flyer  about the ETD Center.

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• What is an ETD?

(Adapted from Virginia Tech University)

[Updated October 5, 1999]

An Electronic Thesis or Dissertation (ETD) is a document that explicates the research of a graduate student and expresses in a form simultaneously suitable for machine archives and worldwide retrieval. The ETD is divided into front matter, body matter, and back matter.

Similar to paper ... the ETD is similar to a paper dissertation.

It has figures, tables, footnotes, and references. It has a title page with your name, the name of your school, and the names of your committee members. It documents your years of academic commitment. It describes why the work was done, how the research relates to previous work as recorded in the literature, the research methods used, the results, and the interpretation and discussion of the results, and a summary with conclusions.

Only different ... the ETD is different, though.

It provides a technologically-advanced medium for expressing your ideas. You prepare your ETD using nearly any word processor or document preparation system, incorporating relevant multimedia objects, without the requirement to submit multiple copies on 25% cotton bond paper. Consequently, ETDs are less expensive to prepare, consume virtually no library shelf space, and never collect dust. While they can be made available to anyone that can browse the Web, at UNL they are only available to the campus community.

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Doctoral Degree Handbook

• Ph.D. Handbook Overview
• Ph.D. Program Overview
• About the University of Nebraska
• About the City of Lincoln
• About the Department of Child, Youth and Family Services
• Admission and Completion Policies
• Welcome to the Department
• Residency Requirements
• Annual Review of Ph.D. Students
• Comprehensive Examination
• Admission to Candidacy
• Dissertation Proposal
• Formatting Electronic Dissertations
• Submission Process
• Preceding Final Oral Examination
• Final Oral Examination
• Following Final Oral Examination
• Summary of Submission Steps
• Publication of Dissertation
• Hard Copies (Printed) of Dissertation

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Graduate School Updates>

The latest COVID-19 news and information is available at  Penn State's Coronavirus Information website . 

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Update

On March 11 th  the University announced that beginning March 16 th  instruction for all students will be moving to a remote delivery format. Graduate students enrolled in resident courses should plan on participating remotely, and not coming to campus specifically for face-to-face instruction. Learn more at gradschool.psu.edu/covid19 .

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Submitting an eTD

•  /  Complete Your Degree
•  /  Thesis and Dissertation Information
•  /  About eTDs
•  /  Creating eTDs
•  /  Submitting an eTD

Steps in the eTD Submission Process

Formatting for submission.

• Become familiar with the formatting requirements by reading the Thesis and Dissertation Handbook carefully.
• Apply to graduate in LionPATH during the semester in which you plan to graduate. See Office of These and Dissertation Calendar for deadline.
• Upload a draft of the thesis or dissertation for format review to the eTD website  by format review deadline. Corrections and detailed instructions will be returned to you by email within two weeks.
• Make any changes required by your committee and the Office of These and Dissertation.
• Review the document one last time to be sure that no further changes are needed. It will not be possible to make corrections after final approval by the Office of These and Dissertation. Upload the final copy, as a pdf file, to the eTD website by the deadline.
• Submit the supporting materials to the Office of These and Dissertation (this may be done either before or after you upload your file).
• Await notification of approval (if further changes are required, you will be notified).
• If you want bound copies, contact the Multimedia Print Center or you may use an off-campus source. All copies are the author's responsibility; The Graduate School does not provide copies.

HELPFUL SUGGESTIONS/REMINDERS

• Have you included a one-page vita at the end of the eTD (doctoral only)?
• Are all pages numbered correctly (Roman numerals for the front matter; Arabic numbers for the text and back matter)? Be sure that the text begins on page 1.
• Have you checked your PDF file for missing pages, poor font translation, and other anomalies?
• Are all internal and external multimedia objects and files present?
• Have you included a Table of Contents and a list of each multimedia object type?
• Have you checked your title page for the correct date (month and year of graduation)?
• Have you completed all supporting materials for the Office of These and Dissertation (incomplete information may delay the review and approval of your eTD).

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After you have written your thesis or dissertation, you must prepare the electronic version for submission. Overall, it is important to submit an eTD that has a consistent appearance throughout.

Global Page Settings

All the pages in your eTD should follow a general form regarding page numbering, margins, and line spacing.

Page Numbering : Except for the title page and vita, all pages in your eTD should be numbered. Page numbers appear in page headers or footers. Consult the manual for your word processor on how to set these up.You may "hide" page numbers on the first page of each section or chapter if you wish.

Number the pages in the front matter with lower-case Roman numerals placed at the top or bottom center or right-hand corner of the page. The title page (page i) and the vita (last page) should not show a page number.

Number all pages through the body and back matter with Arabic numbers (1,2,3, etc.).

The first page of the text, or body, must be page 1.

Margins :All margins for your eTD (left, right, top, bottom) should be no less than 1 inch, but may be more if you choose.

Line Spacing :Line spacing can be either 1 line (single-spaced) or 1-1/2 lines, or double-spaced. Your committee may prefer the working paper drafts to be double-spaced, but smaller spacing is easier to read on a computer screen. A spacing of 1-1/2 may be a compromise that will be accepted by your committee. Please consult them to determine their preference during the draft phase.

The format should emulate an 8-1/2" x 11" page (portrait style). Landscape style is acceptable where necessary to accommodate tables, figures, or other materials. Page numbers on landscape pages may be landscape style as well.

Fonts : For best readability, normal body text should be no smaller than 9pt.

Formatting the Front Matter

The title page contains the name of the University, thesis title, author's name, and other important information (see example in Thesis and Dissertation Handbook ). The date that appears on the title page must be the month of the author's graduation (either May, August, or December), followed by the year. The committee page is page ii. The abstract starts on page iii and can be any length (every thesis and dissertation must include an abstract). The table of contents is next, followed by the lists of tables, figures, and multimedia objects, each on a separate page. Finally, acknowledgments appear as the last item in the front matter. See the Thesis Guide for examples and additional information.

Formatting the Body

The text, or body, of the thesis/dissertation is usually divided into chapters and often includes introductory and concluding sections, which may or may not be designated as chapters. Subheadings may also be needed within chapters to indicate the orderly progression of topics. In any case, you should decide on an appropriate system of headings and subheadings and apply it consistently throughout the thesis.

Footnotes and/or endnotes may be used. The numbering system for notes may be consecutive throughout the text or may begin again with 1 in each chapter. The format for the notes themselves varies among academic disciplines.

Multimedia Objects

Multimedia object types include tables, complex equations, graphs, diagrams, digital pictures, digital video, digital audio, virtual reality, and even computer software that you have developed.

Simple Objects : Most simple objects like tables, graphs, and diagrams can be embedded in your eTD using your word processor:

Put the object at the point of reference or "float" it to the top or bottom of the page or to the top of the next page.

Center the object between the left and right margins of the page.

Directly below the object for figures and above for tables, center the type and number according to its position in the chapter (e.g., in Chapter 5 we may have Table 5.1, Table 5.2, and Figures 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3).

Give the object a concise, descriptive title.

Complex Objects : More complex multimedia objects, however, require special treatment. They either do not fit naturally on a page or the file size is too large to fit reasonably within a document. For complex objects, do the following:

Place the type and number of the object along with its concise, descriptive title, centered on a line by itself. In parentheses, include the media encoding (e.g., JPEG) and file size (e.g., 1.5 Megabytes).

See instructions below on how to connect object titles using the PDF link feature.

Be sure to submit each multimedia object file you have linked when you submit your PDF file.

Note that many complex multimedia object types have a simple object version (often called "thumbnail") that is a reduction of the picture or one frame of video. If possible, we recommend that you include this reduction in the main document along with a PDF link to the complex object.

Formatting the Back Matter

References or Bibliography : Every thesis/dissertation must include references or bibliography, either in the back matter or at the end of each chapter. You should select and follow a scholarly style manual in your field.

Appendices : Appendices are enumerated alphabetically from A to Z, then AA, AB, and so on. They may be placed either before or after the reference section. Page numbering should be in Arabic numbers, consecutive with the rest of the text or body matter. Do not use page numbers like A-1, A-2, etc.

Vita : Center the word Vita and your name (as it appears on the title page) at the top of the page. Include autobiographical information based on your academic and professional experience in paragraph or resume form. The vita must not be longer than one page in length and should not be numbered. A vita is required in the doctoral dissertation but not in the master's thesis.

Questions and suggestions may be directed to [email protected] .

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This manual sets forth the University of Pittsburgh’s requirements for the preparation and electronic submission of graduate theses and dissertations. Individual departments or schools of the University may have additional, or more specific, requirements. It is the student’s responsibility to learn of any special requirements that apply and to prepare the dissertation or thesis in accordance with them as well as with the instructions in this manual. While the thesis or dissertation is generally the work of the degree candidate alone, if it is the result of a collaborative research effort, the contributions of the student and the other collaborators must be clearly delineated. The scholarly work done by the student prior to the final preparation of the thesis or dissertation is outside the province of this handbook. It is assumed that once the research is complete, a final draft is examined and approved by the thesis/dissertation director and/or the candidate’s thesis/dissertation committee. At that point, the student is ready to prepare a document for final submission. (For information on the scholarly requirements of theses and dissertations, see the University’s Graduate and Professional Catalog and consult with the thesis/dissertation director.) 

The language in which theses and dissertations are written shall normally be English. Exceptions may be granted by the student’s dean with the approval of the thesis/dissertation director and committee but only for sound reasons of scholarship. Permission shall never be granted on the ground of inadequate command of English. This manual also assumes that every thesis or dissertation will demonstrate effective communication skills. It is the responsibility of the student that the thesis or dissertation demonstrate clarity, correctness, and organization. A student may use the assistance of a professional editor if he or she receives the prior approval of the research advisor; the editorial assistance is limited to the use of language and not to subject matter content or meaning; and all editorial assistance is acknowledged in the preface of the final document.  Of crucial importance to each thesis or dissertation is the issue of legibility. It is especially important that doctoral dissertations have good quality illustrations and sufficiently dark print to microfilm legibly. Color will not microfilm legibly. Therefore, when including photographs, students should place a black-and-white photo in the body of the dissertation and include a link to a file containing the color image. However, since the PDF copy of the ETD is also archived by ProQuest, students may include color within their ETD if they decide that the benefits of color in the ETD outweigh the problems caused with microfilming color.

Characteristics that a dissertation should demonstrate are: 

• the establishment of a historical context for the presentation of an innovative and creative approach to the problem analysis and solution;
• a clear understanding of the problem area as revealed by analysis and synthesis of a broad literature base; 
• a well-defined research design;
• clarity in composition and careful documentation; 
• results of sufficient merit to be published in refereed journals or to form the basis of a book or monograph; sufficient detail so that other scholars can build on it in subsequent work; 
• the preparation of the author to assume a position within the profession. 

After the dissertation has been submitted in final form to the approved office in the student’s school or department, it is forwarded to ProQuest, which publishes the abstract in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, microfilms the entire dissertation, and stores it electronically. The microfilm copy is the official archival record of the dissertation.

Questions regarding thesis or dissertation format that are not answered in this manual should be directed to the appropriate office in the student’s school or department. It may be necessary to check with ProQuest, about any deviations that might hinder their ability to reproduce dissertation material. See their website, Submitting Your Dissertation or Thesis to ProQuest . 

Students may find it appropriate to consult a style manual published by the professional society of their field of study, such as the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Scientific Style and Format: The CBE Manual published by the Council of Biology Editors, The Chicago Manual of Style, or the American Institute of Physics Editorial Handbook. A student’s advisor will identify the correct manual or guide to be used in determining footnote and bibliographic format for a given discipline or subject area. If points in any of the specialized style manuals differ markedly from the requirements for margins, format, etc. stipulated in this manual, the latter takes precedence. Some basic guidelines for thesis and dissertation preparation are revised frequently and should be widely available in paperback in most bookstores: the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (1999), by Joseph Gibaldi, published by the Modern Language Association; and A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (1996), written by Kate L. Turabian and published by the University of Chicago Press. Students should contact the appropriate office in their school or department for details on the procedures and deadlines for submitting completed theses and dissertations.

SUBMISSION OF ELECTRONIC AND PAPER DOCUMENTS

Master’s thesis.

Students must submit one electronic document prepared according to the specific requirements for ETDs using D-Scholarship@Pitt, the University of Pittsburgh’s Institutional Repository. Students also submit the following paper documents to their graduate school: 

• One paper copy of the Title Page
• One copy of the Abstract
• One completed and signed ETD Approval Form. The ETD Approval Form must include minimally the signature in black ink and typed name of the thesis advisor. Alternatively, it may include the typed names, academic ranks, and department affiliations of all committee members and their signatures in black ink.
• Receipt for processing fee (pay at Student Payment Center, G7 Thackeray)

The following where applicable:

• Copyright Approval Letters
• Request to Secure an ETD for 1 Year 
• Executable Software Statement
• School Exit Survey

This material becomes the property of the University. The student’s school or department may require additional copies. Please refer to the checklist at the end of this document (and reproduced on the third page of the ETD Approval Form) for a complete list of all materials that must be submitted before the school can give final approval of the thesis.  

Doctoral dissertation

Students must submit one electronic document prepared according to the specific requirements on the following pages using D-Scholarship@Pitt, the University of Pittsburgh’s Institutional Repository. Students also submit the following paper documents to their school’s graduate office: 

• One completed and signed ETD Approval Form. The ETD Approval Form must include minimally the typed names of the committee members and dissertation director and the signature of the dissertation director. Alternatively, it may include the typed names, academic ranks, and department affiliations of all committee members and their signatures in black ink.
• Proof of completion of the Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED), either as an e-mail confirmation or certificate of completion. You can obtain instructions to complete to the online Survey of Earned Doctorates from the student services staff of your graduate school.

These materials become the property of the University. The student’s school or department may require additional copies. Please refer to the checklist at the end of this document (and reproduced on the third page of the ETD Approval Form) for a complete list of all materials that must be submitted before the school can give final approval of the dissertation

Undergraduate Theses (University Honors College)

• one completed and signed ETD Approval Form. The ETD Approval Form must include minimally the signature in black ink and typed name of the thesis advisor. Alternatively, it may include the typed names, academic ranks, and department affiliations of all committee members and their signatures in black ink. 

This material becomes the property of the University. The student’s school or department may require additional copies. Please refer to the checklist at the end of this document (and reproduced on the third page of the ETD Approval Form) for a complete list of all materials that must be submitted before the school can give final approval of the thesis.

ACCEPTABLE ELECTRONIC AND PAPER FORMATS

Electronic file formats.

• The body of the text must be in Adobe’s Portable Document Format (.pdf). PDF allows documents created through word processing to be made available online with the freely available Acrobat Reader software. PDF also retains all formatting and graphics, allows hyperlinks, bookmarks and thumbnails, and can be indexed for more efficient search optimization. 

The following additional file types are permitted and supported as supplmental files for electronic theses and dissertations:

• Images    GIF (.gif); JPEG (.jpeg); TIFF (.tif)
• Video    Apple Quick Time (.mov); Microsoft Audio Video Interleaved (.avi); MPEG (.mgp)
• Audio    AIF (.aif); CD-DA; CD-ROM/XA; MIDI (.midi); MPEG-2; SND (.snd); WAV (.wav)

Additional files should always use the highest resolution version of the object, not just a version suitable for today’s devices, since technology will improve. The thesis or dissertation can include more than one version of the object, to help those with a variety of devices, particularly if the medium itself is not scalable (for example, a slide scanned at 2700 dpi, with 640 × 480 and 320 × 240 versions as well). If proprietary software is used, the thesis or dissertation must include a viewer if the vendor permits, to allow readers to view the file(s) without purchasing additional software. Use of proprietary software is discouraged, since over time this file may not be readily usable due to changes in versions and technology. All theses or dissertations using proprietary software must be accompanied by written permission from the owner of the software for its use in this thesis or dissertation.

Paper copies (if required by school or department)

Offset printing, laser printing, photocopying, or any other process that produces a sharp, black image on white bond paper is acceptable for paper copies. The paper must be of at least 20-pound weight and must be 8 ½” × 11” size.

• All theses and dissertations must follow the requirements outlined in this manual. Any deviations from the forms outlined in this manual must be approved in writing by the appropriate office in the school or department before the document is prepared in final form.  
• Text must be set in 10 points or larger type size and of a fully legible font. Script fonts are not acceptable. Prior to final submission of theses or dissertations, students are advised to consult the appropriate office in their school or department to determine whether their files will meet University standards of legibility and accessibility.
• Each page must be numbered, with the exception of the Title Page, which counts as page i, but does not show a number.   
• The preliminary pages—including the Committee Membership Page, the Copyright Page, the Abstract, the Table of Contents, lists of tables and figures, and the Preface—should be numbered with small Roman numerals (ii, iii, iv, etc.) centered 0.5” (one-half inch) from the bottom edge of the page. Preliminary pagination begins with ii; the Title Page counts as i, but the number does not appear. 
• All remaining pages–including text, figures, appendices, and bibliography–carry consecutive Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.). The page number should be centered 0.5” from the bottom edge of the page. No punctuation is used with page numbers.
• The top, bottom, left, and right margins should be 1". Tables and figures use the same margins as text. The student’s school or department must give written approval for exceptions to margin size.   
• Bad line breaks must be avoided. A subheading at the bottom of a page should be followed by at least two full lines of type. If space does not permit two lines plus a 1” margin, the subheading should begin the next page. Similarly, a new paragraph toward the bottom of a page should run for at least two lines or be started on the next page. The final few words of a paragraph should not be continued on the next page. At least two full lines of type are required to continue a paragraph on the next page.
• The text of the document may be double-spaced or one-and-one-half spaced with the exception of long quotations, footnotes, bibliographical references, and the index, which may be single-spaced.
• When “centering” a heading, title, or other element, the material is to be centered between the left and right margins.

Footnotes and bibliography

• Citation forms may vary among disciplines, but whichever form is adopted should be used consistently. Style manuals from specific professional associations or journals will usually provide the appropriate format. If none is specified, the student should use a format recommended and illustrated in the style manual of their discipline.   
• Footnotes may appear either on the page on which they are cited or at the conclusion of the manuscript, depending on the practice of the discipline or department. If no format is specified, either style is acceptable, but same page citation is a particular convenience to readers of electronic documents. 
• Depending on the requirements specified in the style manual preferred by the school or department, theses and dissertations may or may not have a footnote section. However, all theses and dissertations will have a Bibliography.

Definitions

• The word “table” is used for tabulated numerical data in the body of the thesis or dissertation and in the appendices.  
• The word “figure” designates all other illustrative material used in the body and in the appendices, including graphs, charts, drawings, images, diagrams, schematic illustrations of experimental apparatus, etc.

Preparation

• Tables and figures can be either digitally native or scanned from a physical copy. If they are digitally native they can be imported at a minimum of 300dpi.  If they are scanned, the source file should be at a minimum of 600dpi. They must be legible and reproducible on microfilm. 
• Images and oversized pages should, if possible, be reduced to standard 8 ½ ” × 11” size; however, page numbers and captions must be the same size as the rest of the text (not reduced). Oversized pages will not print properly with the rest of the document; if oversized pages are important to the dissertation, they should be created as separate files, uploaded as supplementary files, and linked to the text. All supplementary files must be captioned in accordance with these guidelines.
• Because the archival copies of dissertations are stored on microfilm by ProQuest, and on microfilm most colors appear as grey, not natively digital photographs should be scanned from black and white photographic originals or from well-done black and white photographic copies of the originals. To minimize loss of content, crosshatching or other markings may be necessary to indicate color distinctions in dissertations. Digitized color photographs may be included as separate files; links to these files must be included in the body of the ETD, minimally in the List of Figures and at the appropriate point or points in the text. However, since the PDF copy of the ETD is archived by ProQuest as well, students may include color within their ETD if they decide that the benefits of color in the ETD outweigh the problems caused with microfilming color. 
• Images must conform to the margin specifications. Page numbers and captions must appear in the required locations.
• Tables and figures of a half-page or less in length may appear on the same page with the text, separated from the text above or below by approximately one double-spaced paragraph return. If they exceed a half-page in length, they should be placed on a separate page. Two or more small tables or figures may be placed on a single page.
• Table numbers and captions are placed two spaces above the top line of the table. 
• Figure numbers and captions are placed two spaces below the last line or bottom edge of the figure. 
• The placement of the table or figure does not affect the position of the page number. 
• Tables and figures are numbered in separate series. Each table and figure, including any in the appendices, has a number in its own series. Each series is numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals, e.g., Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, etc.; or within chapters, e.g., Figure 10.1, Figure 10.2, Figure 10.3, etc. 
• If a table continues to the following page, the top line should read “Table 10 (continued).” The caption is not repeated.
• Captions, or descriptive titles of tables and figures, should be kept to one line if possible. 
• These captions will appear in the preliminary pages as the List of Tables or List of Figures, as well as in the bookmarks panel. 
• To add a longer caption description please refer to this Adding Caption Descriptions in our Creating Captions guide .
• When referring to a table or figure in the text, the full word and number should be used, e.g., Table 10 or Figure 6.

Every thesis or dissertation has three parts: the preliminary material, the text, and the reference material. Each part has several sections, which are normally arranged in the order they are discussed below.

• The title appears in English in capital letters. Words should be used in place of formulas and symbols in the title. The author’s name appears in full followed by a listing of earlier schools and degrees. 
• The submission statement names the school (and optionally the department), the degree sought, the University’s name, and the year. 
• One printed paper copy of the Title Page must be submitted with the thesis and two printed paper copies of the Title Page must be submitted with the dissertation.

Committee Membership Page

• For theses, the Committee Membership Page must include minimally the name of the thesis director. Alternatively, the names, academic ranks, and department affiliations of all committee members may be included. See example below as an example. (In case only the advisor is listed, the text “and approved by” is also to be omitted.)
• For dissertations, the Committee Membership Page must include minimally the names of the committee members and dissertation director. Academic ranks and department affiliations may be included. See example below.
• The Committee Membership Page is numbered with small Roman numerals centered 0.5” from the bottom edge of the page.

(Committee Membership Page Example)

Copyright Page

• There may be unusual complications in claiming ownership of copyright. For instance, some funding sources claim ownership of the resulting copyright. If the dissertation has been published elsewhere, the copyright may have been assigned to the publisher.
• The guide Copyright and Your Dissertation or Thesis: Ownership, Fair Use, and Your Rights and Responsibilities by Kenneth D. Crews, gives more detailed advice. If a copyright notice is desired, it should appear on a page immediately following the Committee Membership Page, and numbered ‘iii,’ with the following text: Copyright by [Name of Author] 20 [year of publication] 
• If a copyright notice is desired, it should appear on a page immediately following the Committee Membership Page, and numbered ‘iii,’ with the following format:

( Copyright Page Example)

• If registration is desired for a dissertation, doctoral candidates should consult the ProQuest instruction sheet for information on copyright procedures, which may be done individually or through ProQuest. Copyright and reprint fees are subject to change. Students should obtain current copies of the instructions and agreement forms through the office of their dean or director of graduate studies
• Master’s theses may be registered directly with the U.S. Copyright Office by the author by visiting: https://www.copyright.gov/. .
• Inclusion of copyrighted materials in a dissertation requires that the student obtain a letter from the copyright owner authorizing use of the materials. The letter must also state that the copyright owner is aware that University Microfilms, Inc. will microfilm the dissertation and may sell copies of it on demand. One copy of each copyright permission letter must be submitted with the dissertation in order for it to be accepted by University Microfilms, Inc. For guidelines on the use of printed, archival, and electronic sources in a research publication see the University Library System’s “Copyright Information” webpage at http://www.library.pitt.edu/guides/copyright/ ).
• An Abstract written in English and no more than 350 words in length must appear immediately before the Table of Contents in all master’s theses and doctoral dissertations. The dissertation abstract will be published in Dissertation Abstracts.
• The Abstract should state briefly the problem discussed in the thesis or dissertation, describe the research procedures or methodology, and summarize major findings and conclusions. The Abstract should not include illustrative materials or tables.
• The title of the thesis/dissertation should appear in mixed case letters and centered at the top of the Abstract, 1 inch from the top edge of the page. The student’s name followed by the degree is centered two spaces below the title. University of Pittsburgh and the date are centered two spaces below the name. The text of the Abstract begins at the left margin three spaces below the name of the University and the date. 

( Abstract Page Example )

• The thesis/dissertation director indicates approval by signing or initialing the upper right-hand corner of the paper copies of the Abstract. (Master's Theses only).

Table of Contents

• The heading Table of Contents  is centered 1 inch from the top edge of the page. The actual listing begins at the left margin four spaces below the heading. You will not need to directly edit the contents of the Table of Contents and the spacing should be applied automatically if you are using the ETD Template.
• All material following the Table of Contents is listed, with the exception of lists of tables and figures which are listed separately.Material that precedes the Table of Contents (e.g., Title Page, Committee Membership Page, etc.) is not listed within the Table of Contents.
• The titles of chapters are listed in the Table of Contents, as well as those of all subdivisions.
• Indentation in the Table of Contents reflects the level of each division.
• Wording, spelling, capitalization, and punctuation in the Table of Contents must be identical to that of the actual titles in the body of the thesis or dissertation.
• Table of Contents pages are numbered with small Roman numerals centered 0.5” from the bottom edge of the page.
• In the PDF file, each entry in the Table of Contents must actively link to the appropriate point in the body of the text. For more information on creating bookmarks in PDF files, consult our guide on creating bookmarks  or ask for assistance via ETD Support or at a Campus Computing Lab.

List of Tables

• The heading List of Tables  is centered without punctuation 1 inch from the top edge of the page. The listing of tables begins at the left margin four spaces below the heading.
• If possible, wording, spelling, capitalization, and punctuation in the List of Tables should be identical to that of the captions that appear on the tables in the text.
• The List of Tables pages are numbered with small Roman numerals centered 0.5” from the bottom edge of the page.
• In the PDF file, each entry in the List of Tables must actively link to the appropriate point in the body of the text. 

List of Figures

• The heading List of Figures is centered without punctuation 1 inch from the top edge of the page. The listing of figures begins at the left margin four spaces below the heading.
• If possible, wording, spelling, capitalization, and punctuation in the List of Figures should be identical to that of the captions that appear on the figures in the text.
• The List of Figures pages are numbered with small Roman numerals centered 0.5” from the bottom edge of the page.
• In the PDF file, each entry in the List of Figures must actively link to the appropriate point in the body of the text. 
• The Preface is optional and, if used, should be brief. Acknowledgments in the form of a brief statement of appreciation for special assistance or support, including research and editorial assistance, should be included in this section.
• Preface pages are numbered with small Roman numerals centered 0.5” from the bottom edge of the page.

Chapters and divisions

• Each chapter starts in a new page, with the heading in mixed case lettering, centered 1 inch from the top edge of the page. The text starts four spaces below the heading.
• Section headings are centered and written in mixed case letters, separated by four spaces from the text above and two from the text below.
• Subsection headings appear at the left margin, not indented, separated by two spaces from the surrounding text.
• The divisions are numbered according to one of two possible schemes: a) Arabic numbers separated by period(s). The particle ‘.0’ (period-zero) is appended chapter numbers: 1.0 First Chapter, 1.1 First Section, 1.1.1 First subsection, 1.1.1.1 First sub-subsection. b) A combination of numerals and letters, and omitting the numbers of higher divisions: I. First Chapter, A. First Section, 1. First subsection, a. First sub-subsection. However, references within the text to other sections or subsections should include the whole set of numbers.

Introduction

• If the Introduction precedes the first chapter or division as a separate unit, the heading Introduction should be centered 1 inch from the top edge of the page. The text begins four spaces below the heading.
• If the Introduction is the opening statement of the first chapter or division, the chapter title should be centered 1 inch from the top edge of the page and Introduction used as the first subheading.
• The page on which the Introduction begins is page 1 of the thesis or dissertation.
• This section is the substance of the thesis or dissertation, including all chapters, divisions, and subdivisions as indicated by headings and subheadings identical to those listed in the Table of Contents.
• All tables and figures should be placed as close as possible to the text they illustrate.
• Most schools and departments at the University of Pittsburgh prefer that the thesis or dissertation be written as a coherent whole. However, published material authored by the student and based on research conducted for the study may be included if the student’s department and school have a written policy indicating their acceptability. Published journal articles or a section prepared in a journal format may be included either in the body of the document or in the appendix. In any case, for a dissertation, the published work must be logically connected by added text and be integrated into the document in a coherent manner, and sufficient detail must be presented to satisfy the characteristics of a dissertation.
• If the previously published material is included in the body of the document, it must be presented in a manner consistent with the remainder of the text: i.e., identical typeface, margins, and consistent numbering of tables, figures, and footnotes. Bibliographic citations should be integrated with those for the rest of the document.
• If the previously published material is placed in the appendix, its size may be adjusted to ensure that the margins are sufficient to support microfilming. Appended previously published material may retain the originally published numbers for tables, figures, footnotes, and bibliographic entries.
• For all previously published material not in public domain and not intended as “fair use,” the student must submit by a permission statement signed by the copyright owner(s) to the approved office in the student’s school or department. For more information on copyright issues, see the University Library System’s “Copyright Information” webpage . Links to more copyright information can be found on the University’s ETD Copyright Help webpage .
• ETDs may include links to external files, i.e., files that are not submitted by the student using the online ETD Database submission process. These files may reside anywhere on the World Wide Web. However, the student must verify that these links are active at the time of submission. It should be noted that since the World Wide Web is a constantly changing environment, over time external links are likely to change dramatically or disappear completely. The University will not update, change or delete any embedded links in a student’s ETD files.

Summary and Conclusions

These usually constitute the last major chapter or division.

• Appendices contain supplementary or illustrative material or explanatory data too lengthy to be included in the text or not immediately essential to the reader’s understanding of the text.
• If there is only one appendix, the heading Appendix should be used. If more than one appendix is needed, the appendices may be divided into Appendix A, Appendix B, etc. Each appendix must begin at the top of a new page. The heading for each appendix is centered without punctuation 1 inch from the top edge of the first page, followed by the title of the appendix. 
• Each appendix should be listed with its title in the Table of Contents (e.g., Appendix A. Title of the Appendix) and should appear as a bookmark leading to the appropriate point in the body of the text. For more information on creating bookmarks in PDF files, consult the online PDF training guide  or ask for assistance at a Campus Computing Lab.
• Tables and figures in the appendices should be numbered, captioned, listed in the List of Tables and List of Figures, and bookmarked appropriately. The numbering may continue the series in the body of the material (e.g., Table 14, Figure 16, etc.), or a separate numbering sequence (e.g., Table A1, Figure A3, etc.) may be used.
• Materials not in electronic files, such as audio or videotapes, or color print materials significant to the thesis or dissertation, should be scanned or digitized so that they may be submitted and displayed electronically. These files may be included as supplementary files if desired.

Bibliography

• Any books, articles, websites or other sources that have been read and used, either in direct quotation or by reference, must be listed in a Bibliography.
• The heading Bibliography should appear on the first page of the Bibliography itself, centered 1 inch from the top edge of the page. The actual listing of sources begins at the left margin four spaces below the heading.
• The style manuals recommended in the Introduction indicate appropriate formats for bibliographies. Individual departments, schools, or disciplines may have particular formats the student should follow.
• The Bibliography continues the page numbering sequence that began with the Introduction. The last page of the Bibliography is normally the final page of the thesis or dissertation (unless an Index is made, in which case the page numbering continues through to the last page of the Index).

An Index to dissertations and theses is encouraged in fields in which it is usual and appropriate. School or departmental regulations will specify when an Index is required.

Students should contact the appropriate office in their school or department for details on the procedures and deadlines for submitting theses.

• Student must verify that all pages are presented in correct numerical order and the proper size and orientation; that all tables and figures are present; that all references cited in the text are listed in the Bibliography; that the Table of Contents lists correct page numbers and titles; that bookmarks are created in the PDF ; and that all hyperlinks and multimedia objects function properly.
• Electronic copy of dissertation as a PDF, including preliminary pages and appendices, submitted via D-Scholarship@Pitt . (File should be no larger than 2GB in size.)
• Completed and signed ETD Approval Form. All information requested on the first page must be completed. Signatures of the dissertation committee must be on the first page. An availability option on the second page must be selected. Parts A and B on the second page must be signed. The dissertation director’s signature must appear on Part B on the second page.
• Receipt for processing fee (payable at Student   Payment   Center , G7 Thackeray).
• Completed and signed Survey of Earned Doctorates. This form can be obtained from the student services staff at each school.
• Completed  ProQuest ETD Administrator Submission Form . (Forwarded to the  student services contact  for your school.) (Only required if the student submitted their ETD before 06/04/2020)
• Copyright permission letter(s) from the copyright owner(s) must be included if copyrighted material is used outside of the guidelines of fair use. Such letter(s) should state that ProQuest may supply copies on demand.
• A letter from the owner of the software license granting permission to use their software must be attached if executable software owned by another party is used in the dissertation. Such letter(s) should state that ProQuest may supply copies on demand.

THE SCHOOL, DEPARTMENT, OR MAJOR ADVISOR MAY REQUIRE ADDITIONAL COPIES.

• Completed and signed ETD Approval Form. All information requested on the first page must be completed. Signatures of the thesis committee must be on the first page. An availability option on the second page must be selected. Parts A and B on the second page must be signed. The thesis advisor’s signature must appear on Part B on the second page.
• One copy of Title Page.
• One copy of Abstract (350-word maximum) initialed by committee chair in upper right corner.
• Copyright permission letter(s) from copyright owner(s) must be included if copyrighted material is used outside of the guidelines of fair use.
• A letter from the owner of the software license granting permission to use their software must be attached if executable software owned by another party is used in the thesis.

Students should contact the appropriate office in their school or department for details on the procedures and deadlines for submitting undergraduate theses.

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Simplifying Electronic Thesis and Dissertation (ETD) Workflow

Paper theses and dissertations were a nightmare.

In some universities that are yet to implement ETD, processing paper manuscripts eats into a significant portion of academic resources.

Students have to submit multiple hard copies of their work, technicians sweat over the formatting and commercial binding for hours, librarians spend days doing manual cataloging and archival — all this effort only to have it line library shelves and, in most cases, collect dust.

Boock and Kunda, in their research paper titled ‘ Electronic thesis and dissertation metadata workflow at Oregon State University Libraries ’, revealed that the total processing time for each paper thesis/dissertation in OSU was approximately 80 minutes, during which it was handled by five different people and cost the library $23.23.

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation (ETD) Workflow

Virginia Tech University introduced ETD in January 1997, where students were required to create their theses and dissertations with word processors and submit them to a digital repository. ETD has since been adopted by thousands of universities globally.

Though there are several customizations available, a typical simplistic flowchart of the ETD workflow looks like this:

• Students submit their final and approved thesis and dissertation as a PDF to the ETD system, where it is reviewed by the ETD library coordinator or administrator. The TDs are checked for formatting guideline compliance, numbering, signatures, etc.,— a manual process that can take up to 10 mins. If it passes muster, the manuscript is then forwarded to the ETD school administrator for a final check.
• If the document submitted by the student requires corrections at either of the above two checkpoints, the administrator has to email the student asking them to re-submit the modified copy.
• If the manuscript is correct and the paperwork is in order, the manuscript undergoes cataloging and archival in the institution’s digital repository. It may be submitted to ProQuest and/or made publicly accessible by the institution.

Limitations of ETD

Electronic submissions of TDs are, unquestionably, a huge step up from paper submissions, both in terms of cost and time effectiveness.

Boock and Kunda report that post implementation of ETD at OSU, each T/D’s processing time went down by 20 minutes and resulted in savings of more than $4 per T/D.

However, there remains huge scope for improvement, as has been identified in several findings, including those by Cayabyab and Ezema et al . Some of the shortcomings are listed below.

However, there remains huge scope for improvement, as has been identified in several findings, including those by Cayabyab and Ezema et al. Some of the shortcomings are listed below.

• Communication remains a challenge, with most ETDs requiring coordinators to email students in order to contact them for revisions.
• Formatting checks continue to be manual, consuming a significant amount of ETD processing time.
• Reviewing student-created metadata and LCSH too continue to be manual.
• XML is highly preferred for online dissemination. Manuscripts submitted in LaTeX or PDF need to be converted to XML manually or via additional software.
• It is possible to integrate multimedia in ETDs, however, they come with their own challenges, particularly with respect to indexing for search.
• University-wide enthusiastic adoption has also been cited as challenging, with several universities continuing to allow paper submissions alongside ETD submissions. Training and a more user-friendly platform can help here.

Simplifying ETD Workflow with SciSpace

SciSpace serves as a single institutional platform for research publishing, aiding students, researchers and librarians through the entire publication cycle — from writing to submission, to review, to archival, and, finally, to publishing. Here’s a typical thesis’s journey through SciSpace:

W riting — The student writes her manuscript in SciSpace's editor. SciSpace’s intuitive editor is built exclusively for research writing , unlike all other word processors. It makes the insertion of scientific formulae, multimedia, bibliography, metadata, and all other aspects of research writing a breeze.

M etadata — Once done writing, the student adds in references, bibliography, metadata (keywords, author info, abstracts, etc.) in their allocated sections.

R eview — The student now invites the evaluator to review the manuscript. The evaluator can suggest changes and revisions and communicate with the student via real-time, live comments on SciSpace.

S ubmission — Once approved, the student uses SciSpace’s auto-formatting technology to format the document within seconds to 100% of the institution’s guidelines. She can, then, submit the document directly to her institution’s repository via SciSpace.

P ublication — SciSpace creates publication-ready PDF and XML files that are foremost preferences for print and digital publications respectively.

Benefits of SciSpace over Typical ETD Workflows

SciSpace addresses several of the challenges currently inherent in most ETD flows.

Its distraction-free, research writing-focused, clean interface is easily and enthusiastically adopted by most university students. Very little training is required , unlike DSpace or ETD-dt.

Writing and submission via the SciSpace platform eliminate the email back-and-forth with its comment feature, thus addressing the need for seamless communication with evaluators and library coordinators.

SciSpace creates thesis templates that are 100% compliant with the institution’s formatting guidelines. This ensures that every thesis submitted via SciSpace will pass muster — thus eliminating the need for coordinators to review adherence to formatting .

Publication-ready XML files are auto-generated with every submission and directly archived to the institution’s digital repository. Read more about top reference XML generation here .

All of these benefits translate to significant cost and time savings for universities, managing to help save on both resources by as much as 50%.

“Research publication has become more complex than conducting research! Most of the researchers and students in our institute have a problem with formatting their research papers. SciSpace plays a very important role in increasing the number of research publications. I must tell you it’s a wonderful product.”

-Irana Shettar, Librarian, National Institute of Technology, Suratkhal.

Whether SciSpace is being used in conjunction with universities, journals or individually by students, Shettar’s sentiments have been echoed time and again. Since its launch in 2016 SciSpace has helped streamline the publication of over 150,000 research documents.

Interested in learning more about dedicated research solutions? Go to the SciSpace product page to find out how our suite of products can help you simplify your research workflows so you can focus on advancing science.

The best-in-class solution is equipped with features such as literature search and discovery, profile management, research writing and formatting, and so much more.

We are taking on pilots with a few handpicked universities to integrate SciSpace into their current ETD flow and establish the extent of cost and time effectiveness —  estimated at over 50% .

To get more information and explore the possibilities for your university, head over to the SciSpace University Program page.

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5 Reasons why Professors are Moving Away from Manual Formatting of Research Papers

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25th International Symposium on Electronic Theses and Dissertations – ETD 2022, Novi Sad, Serbia

FAIRness of ETDs

25th International Symposium on Electronic Theses and Dissertations – ETD 2022, Novi Sad, Serbia September 7 - 9, 2022 Conference materials available at Zenodo ETD 2022 community (https://zenodo.org/communities/etd2022)

About ETD 2022

The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), an international organization dedicated to promoting the adoption, creation, use, dissemination, and preservation of electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs), invites you to attend the 25th International Symposium of Theses and Dissertations, ETD 2022.

ETD 2022 held in Novi Sad, Serbia, from 07 to 09 September, is hosted by University of Novi Sad ( http://www.uns.ac.rs/ ), and co-organized by non-profit organizations Science 2.0 Alliance ( http://sci2zero.org/ ) and NDLTD ( http://www.ndltd.org/ ). It will be an excellent opportunity to exchange ETD experiences with professionals from different countries, to discuss innovative projects and initiatives and to share successful experiences and up-to-date practices, and to network with colleagues and friends from all over the world. Safety of the participants is the top priority for the organizers and we keep one eye on the COVID pandemic and war in Ukraine. 

The conference theme is “ FAIRness of ETDs and its implications ”. We hope the conference will raise a fruitful discussion on importance of application of FAIR principles at ETDs and supplement materials. We aim to address topics such as:

• FAIRness of ETDs and supplement materials;
• ETD and OpenScience;
• ETDs and research data;
• ETDs and source code;

Key Facts about the Conference

Important dates, want to present.

If you want to present your research results, you should submit an extended abstract for double-blind review.

Want to organize a workshop/training?

Conference workshops/trainings will be organized at the conference

Want to be a Sponsor?

Are you interested in promoting your organization, ETD brands, products, and services to the ETD 2022 attendees

Want to attend?

Registration will be open in April 2022. Don't miss this interesting event.

Check who makes the ICTeSSH 2020 free online conference possible.

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• Media Advisory: At Delavan-Grider event, people will get to know their genomes — and paint them

Media Advisory: At Delavan-Grider event, people will get to know their genomes — and paint them

The final session of UB's Learn Your Genome series this fall will be held Nov. 1 where participants will be able to paint their genome while learning about genetics and genomics.

“… As a scientist, I don’t want Black people and other people of color to miss out on the promise that precision medicine may have”

By Ellen Goldbaum

Release Date: October 31, 2023

Jamal Williams, PhD, assistant professor of psychiatry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

BUFFALO, N.Y. – Jamal Williams, PhD , is fascinated by the African genome, all the genetic information that’s contained in people of African descent, including African Americans. When he returned to the University at Buffalo as a new faculty member last year, the native Buffalonian thought, “How do I talk to African Americans in my community about genetics?”

He found the answer this fall by collaborating with faculty at the university’s Genome, Environment and Microbiome Community of Excellence (GEM), and with the Delavan-Grider Community Center, a community institution that he frequently visited as a youth. The four-week series they came up with is called “Learning About Your Genome.”

On Wednesday, Nov. 1, Williams, now an assistant professor of psychiatry in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at UB, will bring this series to a close. The sessions so far have engaged community members in his old neighborhood about their genomes and how knowing about genomics can benefit their health and that of their families. This week, they will have a chance to paint their genomes while learning more about the role genomics and genetics play in their lives.

The painting session will be led by  local artist Jarael Adams, whose “Paint the Town”  art studio is located near the Jacobs School.

What: Paint Your Genome, the concluding session of UB’s “Learning About Your Genome” series of community conversations.

When & where: 6 p.m. on Wednesday, Nov. 1, at the Delavan-Grider Community Center, 877 East Delavan Ave., Buffalo. The session is free and open to the public, but registration is required.

“We thought it would be good to have a fun event to cap off the series,” says Williams.

At the same time, Williams and Jennifer A. Surtees, PhD , professor of biochemistry in the Jacobs School and co-director of GEM, will talk to attendees about genomics and summarize the previous sessions.

After earning his doctorate in neuroscience from UB in 2022, Williams did a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). When he returned to Buffalo, one of his goals was to find ways to better inform his community about the cutting-edge science he and other scientists in the human genetics field are working on. He and Surtees developed Community Health Speaks, an initiative that aims to strengthen connections with the community.

“I was thinking, hey there’s something called precision medicine happening out here,” says Williams. “As a Black man, I understand the hesitation to be involved in biomedical research, especially genetics, but as a scientist, I don’t want Black people and other people of color to miss out on the promise that precision medicine may have.”

Surtees adds that it’s all part of GEM’s mission to find more effective and engaging ways to communicate with the community about science and research, and tell our stories. “It’s exciting to be expanding and extending our work and to show how it could have a real impact on research, as well as in our community-building mission.”

Williams has been working with the Department of Psychiatry to build an infrastructure for community engagement, a key part of which has been the ability to hire a community engagement coordinator through the Erie County Public Health Fellowship program.

Each session has attracted 12 to 15 people, no small feat on a weeknight, they note. “This has been a huge win,” says Surtees. She says the fact that Williams grew up on the East Side and played basketball at the Delavan-Grider center was critical, and having a staff person who could work full time on strengthening those community connections has proven extremely beneficial.

Williams says the Jacobs School and other UB units are perfectly suited to conduct these community programs with infrastructure that already exists. “Community Health Speaks is building the capacity to bridge the gap between interested faculty at UB and the East Side of Buffalo, with three participating community centers,” he says.

The initiative is designed to do the heavy-lifting so that those who want to engage in community outreach will have the network and space to do so. Williams adds that the conversations at Delavan-Grider — and at future sessions planned later this fall and next spring — are designed to be wide-ranging and provide answers to questions that attendees raise.

For example,  he recently toured Kaleida Health’s Gates Vascular Institute, staffed by the Jacobs School’s world-class neurologists and neurosurgeons, to better understand what community members need to know.

“They told me that Buffalo and Erie County has a higher incidence of stroke than other parts of the state,” says Williams. “They also told me that sometimes people of color come there with stroke symptoms, and a family member has driven them there because the ambulance cost is so high. But they told me that timing is critical; getting there faster in an ambulance has a direct impact on their outcome.”

Previous sessions focused on why genomics is important for your health; the connections among genetics, ancestry and identity; and detecting scientific misinformation. 

“We want to empower people with knowledge so they can say, for example, ‘yes I’m going to participate in a study or no I don’t,’ so that decisions are driven by knowledge and not by potential conspiracy theories or misinformation,” says Williams. “We want to give people information they can use for their everyday life and health.”

Media Contact Information

Ellen Goldbaum News Content Manager Medicine Tel: 716-645-4605 [email protected]