Thesis and Dissertation Guide
- « Thesis & Dissertation Resources
- The Graduate School Home

- Introduction
- Copyright Page
- Dedication, Acknowledgements, Preface (optional)
- Table of Contents
- List of Tables, Figures, and Illustrations
- List of Abbreviations
- List of Symbols

Non-Traditional Formats
Font type and size, spacing and indentation, tables, figures, and illustrations, formatting previously published work.
- Internet Distribution
- Open Access
- Registering Copyright
- Using Copyrighted Materials
- Use of Your Own Previously Published Materials
- Submission Steps
- Submission Checklist
- Sample Pages

II. Formatting Guidelines
All copies of a thesis or dissertation must have the following uniform margins throughout the entire document:
- Left: 1″ (or 1 1/4" to ensure sufficient room for binding the work if desired)
- Right: 1″
- Bottom: 1″ (with allowances for page numbers; see section on Pagination )
- Top: 1″
Exceptions : The first page of each chapter (including the introduction, if any) begins 2″ from the top of the page. Also, the headings on the title page, abstract, first page of the dedication/ acknowledgements/preface (if any), and first page of the table of contents begin 2″ from the top of the page.
Non-traditional theses or dissertations such as whole works comprised of digital, artistic, video, or performance materials (i.e., no written text, chapters, or articles) are acceptable if approved by your committee and graduate program. A PDF document with a title page, copyright page, and abstract at minimum are required to be submitted along with any relevant supplemental files.
Fonts must be 10, 11, or 12 points in size. Superscripts and subscripts (e.g., formulas, or footnote or endnote numbers) should be no more than 2 points smaller than the font size used for the body of the text.
Space and indent your thesis or dissertation following these guidelines:

- The text must appear in a single column on each page and be double-spaced throughout the document. Do not arrange chapter text in multiple columns.
- New paragraphs must be indicated by a consistent tab indentation throughout the entire document.
- The document text must be left-justified, not centered or right-justified.
- For blocked quotations, indent the entire text of the quotation consistently from the left margin.
- Ensure headings are not left hanging alone on the bottom of a prior page. The text following should be moved up or the heading should be moved down. This is something to check near the end of formatting, as other adjustments to text and spacing may change where headings appear on the page.
Exceptions : Blocked quotations, notes, captions, legends, and long headings must be single-spaced throughout the document and double-spaced between items.
Paginate your thesis or dissertation following these guidelines:
- Use lower case Roman numerals (ii, iii, iv, etc.) on all pages preceding the first page of chapter one. The title page counts as page i, but the number does not appear. Therefore, the first page showing a number will be the copyright page with ii at the bottom.
- Arabic numerals (beginning with 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) start at chapter one or the introduction, if applicable. Arabic numbers must be included on all pages of the text, illustrations, notes, and any other materials that follow. Thus, the first page of chapter one will show an Arabic numeral 1, and numbering of all subsequent pages will follow in order.
- Do not use page numbers accompanied by letters, hyphens, periods, or parentheses (e.g., 1., 1-2, -1-, (1), or 1a).
- Center all page numbers at the bottom of the page, 1/2″ from the bottom edge.
- Pages must not contain running headers or footers, aside from page numbers.
- If your document contains landscape pages (pages in which the top of the page is the long side of a sheet of paper), make sure that your page numbers still appear in the same position and direction as they do on pages with standard portrait orientation for consistency. This likely means the page number will be centered on the short side of the paper and the number will be sideways relative to the landscape page text. See these additional instructions for assistance with pagination on landscape pages in Microsoft Word .

Format footnotes for your thesis or dissertation following these guidelines:

- Footnotes must be placed at the bottom of the page separated from the text by a solid line one to two inches long.
- Begin at the left page margin, directly below the solid line.
- Single-space footnotes that are more than one line long.
- Include one double-spaced line between each note.
- Most software packages automatically space footnotes at the bottom of the page depending on their length. It is acceptable if the note breaks within a sentence and carries the remainder into the footnote area of the next page. Do not indicate the continuation of a footnote.
- Number all footnotes with Arabic numerals. You may number notes consecutively within each chapter starting over with number 1 for the first note in each chapter, or you may number notes consecutively throughout the entire document.
- Footnote numbers must precede the note and be placed slightly above the line (superscripted). Leave no space between the number and the note.
- While footnotes should be located at the bottom of the page, do not place footnotes in a running page footer, as they must remain within the page margins.
Endnotes are an acceptable alternative to footnotes. Format endnotes for your thesis or dissertation following these guidelines:

- Always begin endnotes on a separate page either immediately following the end of each chapter, or at the end of your entire document. If you place all endnotes at the end of the entire document, they must appear after the appendices and before the references.
- Include the heading “ENDNOTES” in all capital letters, and center it 1″ below the top of the first page of your endnotes section(s).
- Single-space endnotes that are more than one line long.
- Number all endnotes with Arabic numerals. You may number notes consecutively within each chapter starting over with number 1 for the first note in each chapter, or you may number notes consecutively throughout the entire document.
- Endnote numbers must precede the note and be placed slightly above the line (superscripted). Leave no space between the number and the note.
Tables, figures, and illustrations vary widely by discipline. Therefore, formatting of these components is largely at the discretion of the author.
For example, headings and captions may appear above or below each of these components.
These components may each be placed within the main text of the document or grouped together in a separate section.
Space permitting, headings and captions for the associated table, figure, or illustration must be on the same page.
The use of color is permitted as long as it is consistently applied as part of the finished component (e.g., a color-coded pie chart) and not extraneous or unprofessional (e.g., highlighting intended solely to draw a reader's attention to a key phrase). The use of color should be reserved primarily for tables, figures, illustrations, and active website or document links throughout your thesis or dissertation.
The format you choose for these components must be consistent throughout the thesis or dissertation.
Ensure each component complies with margin and pagination requirements.
Refer to the List of Tables, Figures, and Illustrations section for additional information.
If your thesis or dissertation has appendices, they must be prepared following these guidelines:

- Appendices must appear at the end of the document (before references) and not the chapter to which they pertain.
- When there is more than one appendix, assign each appendix a number or a letter heading (e.g., “APPENDIX 1” or “APPENDIX A”) and a descriptive title. You may number consecutively throughout the entire work (e.g., 1, 2 or A, B), or you may assign a two-part Arabic numeral with the first number designating the chapter in which it appears, separated by a period, followed by a second number or letter to indicate its consecutive placement (e.g., “APPENDIX 3.2” is the second appendix referred to in Chapter Three).
- Include the chosen headings in all capital letters, and center them 1″ below the top of the page.
- All appendix headings and titles must be included in the table of contents.
- Page numbering must continue throughout your appendix or appendices. Ensure each appendix complies with margin and pagination requirements.
You are required to list all the references you consulted. For specific details on formatting your references, consult and follow a style manual or professional journal that is used for formatting publications and citations in your discipline.

Your reference pages must be prepared following these guidelines:
- If you place references after each chapter, the references for the last chapter must be placed immediately following the chapter and before the appendices.
- If you place all references at the end of the thesis or dissertation, they must appear after the appendices as the final component in the document.
- Select an appropriate heading for this section based on the style manual you are using (e.g., “REFERENCES”, “BIBLIOGRAPHY”, or “WORKS CITED”).
- Include the chosen heading in all capital letters, and center it 1″ below the top of the page.
- References must be single-spaced within each entry.
- Include one double-spaced line between each reference.
- Page numbering must continue throughout your references section. Ensure references comply with margin and pagination requirements.
In some cases, students gain approval from their academic program to include in their thesis or dissertation previously published (or submitted, in press, or under review) journal articles or similar materials that they have authored. For more information about including previously published works in your thesis or dissertation, see the section on Use of Your Own Previously Published Materials and the section on Copyrighting.
If your academic program has approved inclusion of such materials, please note that these materials must match the formatting guidelines set forth in this Guide regardless of how the material was formatted for publication.
Some specific formatting guidelines to consider include:

- Fonts, margins, chapter headings, citations, and references must all match the formatting and placement used within the rest of the thesis or dissertation.
- If appropriate, published articles can be included as separate individual chapters within the thesis or dissertation.
- A separate abstract to each chapter should not be included.
- The citation for previously published work must be included as the first footnote (or endnote) on the first page of the chapter.
- Do not include typesetting notations often used when submitting manuscripts to a publisher (i.e., insert table x here).
- The date on the title page should be the year in which your committee approves the thesis or dissertation, regardless of the date of completion or publication of individual chapters.
- If you would like to include additional details about the previously published work, this information can be included in the preface for the thesis or dissertation.
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Writing a thesis in latex.
This article is a guide to constructing a decent parent file for a thesis or dissertation compiled in Latex. The specific details implemented here, and included in the example files, are those set out by the guidelines for submission to the University of Nottingham, but can be easily amended to suit any sensible requirements.
Considerable attention has been paid to presenting the final document as a PDF file, which keeps the file size manageable (compared to postscript) and allows groovy add-ons such as hyperlinks and back-referencing. However, several hacks are required to attain good functionality from your PDF file and these can give the latex code a mysterious (and messy) appearance in places. While I highly recommend the inclusion of the PDF-related commands, they are not strictly necessary and can be ignored especially if you are new to Latex.
Note for Windows users
The code outlined below was designed and implemented on the unix system at Nottingham. For those of you unfortunate enough to be running a Windows box, a number of problems may arise when using the below code:
First off, not all the packages used will be present and will need to be installed. Probably the easiest way to do this is to google the package name with the extension .sty and save this file in the C:\VTEX\l2e\\ directory of your machine. Note that for the natbib package, you will also need to download the relevant .bst file, which in this case is unsrtnat.bst .
Also, many of the packages that are installed locally may need updating. For instance, the computers I have tested on both have old versions of the geometry and caption packages, which cause Latex to return errors. To resolve these problems, either download the latest versions, or remove the includefoot option from the geometry package and set the bottom margin to 1.4in.
Also, the code for compiling to PDF does not work so well in Windows, and so it is recommended that Windows users use the template without PDF code.
Requirements
The guidelines for theses to be submitted to the University of Nottingham specify that:
- the document should be presented on single-sided a4 paper and typeset in a double-spaced size 10-12 font;
- the left-hand margin should be at least 1.5 inches (4cm) to allow for binding;
- the other three margins should be at least 1 inch (2.5cm).
Other settings such as the way chapter headings are formatted, and whether headers are included, are not specified and are up to the user. In this case, we’ll install headers and tinker with the chapter formatting.
Template files
Here are the template files which this page explains:
- thesis_without_pdfcode.tex
- thesis_with_pdfcode.tex
The appearance of both these files on the printed page will be identical; however after compilation into PDF (see the section below) and opening in Adobe Acrobat (or a similar PDF reader), the advantages that come with the PDF format will be apparent.
- thesis_without_pdfcode.pdf
- thesis_with_pdfcode.pdf
The rest of this page is devoted to explaining the code in these files.
Document structure
The document begins in a standard and entirely self-explanatory manner.
Preamble: essential packages
Next, the essential packages are loaded:
where the geometry package has been loaded to allow the margins to be set in a neat and consistent way. The non-obvious option includefoot ensures that the footer (which only contains the pagenumber) is included in the page and is thus 1 inch above the bottom of the page. Note that this option is only available in recent versions of the package: if you’re using an old version and can’t/won’t upgrade, then remove the offending option and extend the bottom margin to 1.4in. headheight=13.6pt is included due to to ensure compatibility with the fancyhdr package (and is not required if you don’t use the fancyhdr package). Also quite essential is the natbib package:
where the various options ensure that references appear in the document as:
…boiled dog can do maths claims experimenter [10,12,15-18].
Alternative referencing styles are easily implemented, see the natbib help file for more details. In fact, to use the natbib package, you’ll have to read at least a few lines of the help file so you understand the difference between \citet and \citep , and I insist you do that now.
Preamble: custom captions (optional)
We now set the figure captions to be elegant and dignified:
Note that early versions of this package don’t support the margin= and tableposition= options; in this case, these trimmings will have to be ignored.
Preamble: custom fonts (optional)
You can also choose an alternative font for both the text and the mathematical characters. This can be achieved by:
Aside from mathpazo , there are several other fonts available, such as chancery , palatino and times (all loaded in the same way).
Preamble: fancy headers (optional)
Feeling a little devil-may-care? If so, you’ll probably want to install some elegant headers along each page. This is easily achieved through the fancyhdr package:
The final complicated-looking three lines simply ensure that the headings for appendices are formatted correctly. (Without these lines, what should read “Appendix A” is set as “Chapter A”.)
Preamble: customised chapter/section headings (optional)
We now make use of several customisation options that are bundled with the sectsty package.
These alter the appearance of the first page of each chapter to have a centred title, with the word “chapter” set in small capitals immediately above. Feel free to employ your own individual and highly refined tastes here in choosing your own chapter/section settings.
Preamble: pdf options (optional)
If you want to publish your thesis on the internet, or even just to email it to someone, then you’ll want to store it in the ubiquitous PDF format. Doing so offers some neat facilities, such as hyperlinking, which are implemented by the hyperref package:
There are various other options you can pass to your favourite PDF reader via the \hypersetup command, such as pdftitle , pdfauthor and pdfsubject ; however, they’re not really essential. Note that the hyperlink colours have all been set to black for consistent printing. Should you want to distribute your thesis over the web, then it would be advisable to set these colours to red or something similarly vibrant and exciting.
Things get a little messy now as a hack is required to ensure the hyperlinks actually jump to the right place.
No need to worry about this code, let’s just move straight on.
Preamble: page layout
We now set various parameters to alter the general page layout:
The first two of these commands alter the paragraph formatting so that new paragraphs are not indented but separated from the previous one by a small amount of whitespace; the third sets the line spacing. The sharp-eyed among you will notice the discrepancy between our chosen line-spacing and that dictated by the university guidelines. However, no matter how poor your eyesight is, you’ll quickly appreciate that true double line-spacing (set with \renewcommand(\baselinestretch}{2} ) looks rubbish. In addition, Nottingham University are perfectly happy to accept theses set with the above line-spacing, which is more pleasing to the eye.
Some final settings:
Set which chapters to include when Latex is next run. The advantage of this method is that all your cross-references are remembered and Latex does not spit out loads of warnings.
Main matter
We now begin the document in earnest and define a suitable title:
followed by a dedication:
We now construct an abstract:
some acknowledgements:
and a contents page:
Now, we alter the pagenumbering to arabic and point to the relevant chapter files:
All your chapter files should be included here; to save time when editing, use the \includeonly command to specify which chapters to compile.
Finally, we make sure there is a link to the references section in the table of contents and reference the correct bibiography file (which in this case is called bibliography.bib ).
And there we have it: a complete thesis parent file that not only looks good on the printed page, but is fully functional and hyperlinked in PDF format.
Compiling to PDF
Whether you’ve included all the red PDF commands or not, you can convert your TEX file to PDF by running (in unix):
The additional argument to ps2pdf is required as the default paper size is US Letter. Note that you will probably need to bibtex your thesis file before running latex for the final time.
For Windows, first open a command window by going Start->Run and entering cmd . Provided MiKTeX and GhostScript are correctly installed then the necessary commands are:
The syntax for ps2pdf is slightly different in Windows compared to Unix - and note that the output pdf filename MUST be specified, else the ps file is overwritten and corrupted.
Something wrong? Suggest an improvement or add a comment (see article history ) Tagged with: latex Filed in: guides
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Latex font size, learn how to change the font size in a latex document., changing the font size locally, changing the font size globally, packages for changing font size.
When working on a LaTeX document, the easiest way to change the font size is by using these predefined commands:

These commands change the font size locally. They can be used in two different ways: We can declare their scope inside a text within curly braces, such as {\huge these words are larger} . We can also create an environment by writing our text inside \begin{huge} and \end{huge} commands.
Sometimes, we might want to consider the line spacing when changing the font size. Ending our commands with a paragraph includes the adjusting of the \baselineskip , which specifies the minimum space between two successive lines in a paragraph. We can add a paragraph using \par command or adding a new line character at the end of the text. Following example shows the line space adjusting:

These commands are relative to the global font size of the document. When we choose a document class we are also setting a font size for the whole document. If it’s not declared, the default font size for most of the standard document classes is 10pt. This size becomes the setting for \normalsize option, and all the other size commands are adjusted accordingly. In standard classes ( article , book , letter and report ), there are three size options: 10pt, 11pt and 12pt. It can be changed by setting it as an argument to the document class: \documentclass[11pt]{article} . Following table shows the font size for all commands and for each size options for the standard document classes.
Other document classes might have different font size options. For instance, memoir class has 12 font sizes (9pt, 10pt, 11pt, 12pt, 14pt, 17pt, 20pt, 25pt, 30pt, 36pt, 48pt and 60pt). It also has two more size commands: \miniscule for a smaller size than \tiny and \HUGE for a larger size than \Huge .

\fontsize{size}{baselineskip}\selectfont
In this command, size represents the font size you need, and baselineskip is for the line spacing size between two successive lines. As a rule of thumb, baselineskip is usually 1.2x the font size. To activate the baselineskip , the text in the scope of the command needs to end with a \par , just like the usual font size commands. Following example shows the command in action.

If you need to use a certain font size again and again, you can also define a new font size command. Following piece of code creates a new font size command called myfontsize.

- Change the font size of a piece of text using these commands, from the largest to the smallest: \Huge , \huge , \LARGE , \Large , \large , \normalsize , \small , \footnotesize , \scriptsize , and \tiny .
- Set the font size of the whole document by adding an option to the \documentclass command. ( 10pt , 11pt , and 12pt are available on most classes.)
- Extsizes package makes more sizes from 8pt to 20pt available for the whole document.
- Moresize package adds two more size commands: \HUGE and \ssmall .
- With anyfontsize package, we can set the font size specifically by using \fontsize{size}{baselineskip}\selectfont command.
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- Basic remarks
- Bitmap fonts
- Page layout
- Bibliography
- Footnote citing
Tips on Writing a Thesis in LaTeX
At the beginning of the thesis typesetting I used only one typeface — default LaTeX font, computer modern roman (CMR; see also Latin Modern ):
After several months of working with 11pt CMR both on screen and paper, I have decided to look for some alternative, because CMR text appeared to me too " light ". A brief search resulted in finding a good collection of free LaTeX fonts, where besides the font appearance one can get information on the installation and activation of a particular font in LaTeX. After few weeks of trying different fonts from that collection, I have stopped my choice on Bitstream Charter (Charter BT) as the font for the "body" text:
Compared to other fonts, one of the things I really like in Charter is its good scalability but I would not say this about bold Charter, at least scalability of particular characters on screen . As a result, Charter has a relatively nice appearance on the screen at different magnification levels, which are typical if you work with PDF file in window or in "fit width" / "fit visible" / etc. display modes. The good scalability can be attributed both to the font "heaviness" and the design of Charter, which was optimized for low resolution laser printers.
The only thing I could complain about Charter is its "fancy" appearance of math :) which I did not like at all:
I was looking for some alternative for the math typesetting (i.e., text placed between $ characters, and in the equation environment ) and finally decided to stay with the original CMR version of the math:
As you see, use of the two aforementioned commands allows to typeset main text with Charter while math with CMR. The expert option of the mathdesign package can be omitted, but in this case I had issue with small capital characters (mainly used for author names in bibliography ) — they were replaced by the normal ones.
After having some experience with the combination of Charter and CMR for text and math respectively, I can point out the following problems inherent to such combination of fonts with different weight :
- writer has to decide which numbers to process as a normal text and which in math mode: the choice is not always trivial, and this most likely will result in different (CMR/Charter) typesetting of numbers in situations with similar context.
Greek "mu" story
After switching the math mode font I have faced issues with Greek symbols which had to be typeset in the main (non-math) text. The issues occurred because Greek symbols are typically typeset in LaTeX via math mode (which was in CMR instead of Charter). A particular example of using Greek symbol in the main text was Greek non-italic "mu" (μ) typeset in Charter to indicate prefix "micro-" in the text. The solutions I have found suggested to use packages upgreek , gensymb , and/or textcomp together with \upmu and \textmu commands. Unfortunately, none of these combinations gave positive result, and LaTeX produced either non-italic CMR or italic Charter Greek mu:
After trying different approaches, I came up with the following solution:
The idea behind the last command set is to define a new command ( \charmu ) which locally changes math font from CMR to Charter and types "mu". With the \DeclareMathVersion { ... } command (see p. 13 in LaTeX 2e font selection ) a new math font version mathchartertext is defined, \SetSymbolFont { ... } customizes the mathchartertext to have non-italic Charter, and \newcommand { \charmu }{ ... } specifies the new command to be used to enter Greek "mu" with the font settings of mathchartertext . The presented solution is probably not the most elegant one :), but this is only how I managed to get it working.
The limitation of \charmu is that it prints only the predefined Greek character ("mu"). After the following modification any Greek character can be printed as non-italic Charter:
The command \charmu (or \gchar ) does not work in the titles of references in the bibliography . The workaround here is to use \mathversion { mathchartertext } right before \printbibliography command (which actually outputs bibliographic records cited in the main text), and to use standard $ \mu $ to get Charter Greek "mu" in the titles of bibliographic records.
In addition to the body text and math mode, I decided to change typeface of the headings (i.e., titles of chapters, sections, sub-, and subsubsections) to the font without serifs (also called sans-serif font). This was done because the headings were typeset in bold and have font sizes larger than the body text; in my opinion serifs of the main font (Charter) in this case should be avoided (actually, bold headings without serifs is a common practice: 1 , 2 , 3 ). To customize the the headings font I have employed titlesec package. Before proceed to the sans-serif headings, I provide two examples containing commands to typeset the headings in Charter and CMR serif fonts. Charter:
Customization is done using the \titleformat command. Its second mandatory parameter ( \usefont { ... } ) actually changes the font, while the second last parameter includes
- \hspace { -0.4pt } — spacing before the section number ("5.2"),
- \Large — adjust the font size (notice the space after it),
- \thesection — section counter (prints the section number),
- \hspace { 0.6pt } — additional horizontal spacing between the section number and the following section title. (See also notes on spacing .)
The above code can be modified to typeset headings with CMR serif font:
After looking in tug.dk font collection for a suitable serif font for headings, I have stopped my choice at TeX Gyre Heros :
The chosen TeX Gyre Heros is the font not only without serifs, but also has heavier weight compared to Charter — this results in a good visual separation of the headings from the rest text making TeX Gyre Heros a good companion for the body text typeset with Charter. In addition to TeX Gyre Heros, reader may take a look at the bold version of Computer Modern Sans Serif as a candidate for the headings font.
Chapter title font
As stated in its documentation , titlesec package replaces original LaTeX macroses for the heading commands (i.e., \chapter , \section , etc.) which requires assignment of all settings defining the heading command, even if you want to change only one of it (for example, font). This can be seen in the code blocks above where in order to change the heading font with \titleformat command ( \usefont { OT1 }{ cmr }{ bx }{ n } \selectfont } ) settings for the heading number, its location, and its font size were given too ( { \hspace { -0.4pt } \Large \thesection\hspace { 0.6em }} ).
While preparing thesis I decided to modify (i.e., do not redefine) default \chapter macro, and did this with sectsty package. By default, after switching the document font to Charter each chapter title appeared like this:
As discussed above , sans-serif TeX Gyre Heros font was chosen for the headings. Its activation for the chapter titles was done using the following addition to the preamble commands in the code block above:
where not only heading font was changed ( \usefont { T1 }{ qhv }{ b }{ n } \selectfont } ), but also size of the chapter title "Numerical methods" was made smaller using \huge command.
The last command set changed font also in the title of the references list ( bibliography )
Font in table of contents
The commands discussed above change font in the body text, math mode, and headings (including bibliography), but have no influence on the fonts in table of contents (ToC):
Fonts in ToC can be adjusted with the package tocloft , which I actually used:
As you see, font TeX Gyre Heros was used only for the ToC title and headings typeset in bold (which are chapter ones). Charter was kept for the rest of ToC, including bold page numbers of chapters in order to preserve uniformity and flatness of the column with page numbers. Package option [subfigure] was needed to avoid conflict (error at \newcounter { lofdepth } \setcounter { lofdepth }{ 1 } ) with subfigure package if you use it; otherwise this option has to be removed.
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LaTeX forum ⇒ Theses, Books, Title pages ⇒ Masters/Doctoral Thesis-Font style-section and subsection
Masters/doctoral thesis-font style-section and subsection.
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How to Write a Thesis in LaTeX (Part 5): Customising Your Title Page and Abstract
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5
Author: Josh Cassidy (August 2013)
This five-part series of articles uses a combination of video and textual descriptions to teach the basics of writing a thesis using LaTeX. These tutorials were first published on the original ShareLateX blog site during August 2013; consequently, today's editor interface (Overleaf) has changed considerably due to the development of ShareLaTeX and the subsequent merger of ShareLaTeX and Overleaf. However, much of the content is still relevant and teaches you some basic LaTeX—skills and expertise that will apply across all platforms.
In the previous post we looked at adding a bibliography to our thesis using the biblatex package . In this, the final post of the series, we're going to look at customising some of the opening pages. In the first video we made a rather makeshift title page using the \maketitle command and by using an \includegraphics command in the \title command. Although this works, it doesn't give us as much flexibility as we may want.
The Title Page
A much better way to do this is to use the titlepage environment. We'll do this in a separate .tex file and then input it. The first thing we'll do is enclose everything in the title page within the center environment so it's all aligned to the centre. Next we need to instruct L a T e X to leave a gap between the top of the page and the first line of text. To do this we use the \vspace command followed by a length. We also need to add an asterisk into the command to make sure L a T e X doesn't decide to ignore the command. Next we'll add the thesis title in bold font using the \textbf command. To leave a gap between this and the next line of text we use the \vspace command again, this time without the asterisk. Next we'll add in a subtitle followed by some more vertical space and then the author name in bold font. This concludes what we want at the top of the title page—the rest of the content we'll add at the bottom of the title page.
To separate these two sections out we'll use the \vfill command which will automatically add in the amount of vertical space needed for the content to fill the page. Next we'll add in a line of text to specify what degree the thesis is being submitted for. The double backslash is used to create a new line. We'll then add more space before adding in the university logo specifying it's width as a fraction of the text width. Finally we'll add in some information about the university and the date.
Now in the main .tex file we can replace the \maketitle command with an input command linked to our new title page. If we now compile the code we can see all the items have been correctly processed:

However, the text is quite small so we'll go back and change the font sizes. To do this we'll use one of the simple font-sizing commands. There are ten of these to choose from, ranging from smallest to largest they are:
Let's make the title as big as it can be (using these simple commands) by choosing \Huge . We'll then make the subtitle two steps smaller using \large . When we use one of these commands they affect all the text in it's scope. Therefore in it's current state all the remaining text on the page will appear in the size of the subtitle. We'll keep it like this for the author name and degree title but we'll drop down one size for the university details and the date:

The abstract
We can also customise other pages, such as the abstract. Instead of using an unnumbered chapter, we'll create a new .tex file, customise the layout and then input it. At the top of this file we need to change the page style to plain in order to stop the headers being added in. Now in a similar way to the title page we'll add in some custom titles and then the abstract text.
This is what it will look like added in:

This concludes our series on writing a basic thesis. If you want to play around with the thesis we've created in this series you can open the project in Overleaf .
All articles in this series
- Part 1: Basic Structure ;
- Part 2: Page Layout ;
- Part 3: Figures, Subfigures and Tables ;
- Part 4: Bibliographies with BibLaTeX ;
- Part 5: Customising Your Title Page and Abstract .
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How to increase font size of just chapter names in latex
need of a small guidance here. I am using report class, and I do not need chapter numbers for every chapter, just the chapter names.
Is there a way to increase just the font size of the chapter names?

Chapter number is to be removed. I would really appreciate any guidance to increase the font size of the chapter name.
I tried the following to remove chapter numbers. But font size is causing a little concern

- please make a compilable minimal reproducible example – samcarter_is_at_topanswers.xyz Mar 31, 2021 at 9:13
- did you test your new code? This won't compile – samcarter_is_at_topanswers.xyz Mar 31, 2021 at 9:22
- Please have a look now – Rakshan Premsagar Kapikad Mar 31, 2021 at 9:35
You can control the font size of the chapter title with the third argument of \titleformat . In your example, this was \normalsize , change this to whatever size you like:

- Which part in this is responsible for setting the font size of the chapter title? Is it {\fontsize{56pt}{64pt} ? Because if so, it doesn't work for me. – Mehdi Charife Dec 11, 2022 at 16:01
- @MehdiCharife Not every font has the size 56pt. Which font do you use? – samcarter_is_at_topanswers.xyz Dec 11, 2022 at 16:02
- I use the default font. – Mehdi Charife Dec 11, 2022 at 16:04
- @MehdiCharife Try with \usepackage{lmodern} as shown in my answer – samcarter_is_at_topanswers.xyz Dec 11, 2022 at 16:05
- The font size (56pt) is now applied to both the chapter header (the one in which the chapter index is displayed) and the chapter name. – Mehdi Charife Dec 11, 2022 at 16:13
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How to set font size in Latex table?
I have the following table with column linewidth. I want to set the font size of the table to some specific value. Several suggestions say that a code like p{0.4in} will work. I tried p{0.18\linewidth}{0.4in} but it is not working. How to fix this? Thanks in advance.

- 2 Welcome to TeX.SX! Your question is somewhat contradictory. You mention wanting to change the font size to a specific value, but also mention suggestions such as p type columns, which itself do not alter the font size but the available width of a column. What exactly do you want to achieve here? – leandriis Jun 5, 2021 at 16:43
- 2 If you want a decent looking table, start by getting rid of the \resizebox . Resizing tables will inevitably result in inconsistent fonts sizes and line widths throughout the document. – leandriis Jun 5, 2021 at 16:43
- @leandriis It is my mistake. I'm new to Latex and so much overwhelmed with numerous codes. How should I proceed if I avoid \resizebox ? – PS Nayak Jun 5, 2021 at 17:01
- 1 \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{% makes it impossible to set any font size, start by removing that, then you can uae any latex size command you want such as \small or \footnotesize if you need the text to be smaller – David Carlisle Jun 5, 2021 at 17:33
- 1 @PSNayak the font size is only changing if you are using \resizebox which is why you should almost never apply scaling to tables. – David Carlisle Jun 9, 2021 at 7:54
2 Answers 2
As @DavidCarlisle has already pointed out in a comment, nobody should ever employ \resizebox -- or its close relative, \scalebox -- to force the tabular-like material to occupy a given width, say, \linewidth .
Instead, use a tabularx or a tabular* environment to set the overall width to, say, \linewidth . That way, you'll avoid getting wildly inconsistent font sizes across tables. Then, as needed and appropriate for your table, consider things like replacing one or more of the current column specs with column types that allow automatic line breaking.
If you must still adjust the font size, you may use one of LaTeX's many font size changing macros. The following screenshot shows the effects of employing \Large , \large , \normalsize (the default), \small , \footnotesize , and \scriptsize .

This question was also answered here ( https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2563498/making-latex-tables-smaller ).
Personally, I like this method:
- 1 Sorry, but this piece of advice is simply terrible, as it flies in the face of just about every known principle of decent typesetting. Just because you copied and pasted it from somewhere else on the Internet in no way makes it decent. – Mico Oct 4, 2022 at 5:49
- I could have put it in without citing the source seeing as I've often used it. It happens to be the highest up-voted answer, so apparently people don't see principles of decent typesetting as a major issue. – There Oct 6, 2022 at 3:20
- Thanks. You may be on to something when you remark that many (most?) "people don't see principles of decent typesetting as a major issue. " Deep sigh. I guess Don Knuth, for one, wasn't in that camp when he decided to create TeX... FWIW, I did not downvote your posting. I find downvotes rather unhelpful. In fact, I have contributed an upvote just now. – Mico Oct 6, 2022 at 6:49
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LaTeX normally chooses the appropriate font and font size based on the logical structure of the document (e.g. sections). In some cases, you may want to set fonts and sizes by hand. The following example shows how to use the smallest available font size in LaTeX ( \tiny) and the small caps ( \textsc {...}) font style:
Thesis body font size 12 bp. Ask Question. Asked 6 years, 4 months ago. Modified 6 years, 4 months ago. Viewed 4k times. 6. Similar questions have been asked but with no conclusive answers. How do I set my body font size to be equivalent to MS Word 12, which is required by my college. 12 pt in LaTeX is equal to size 10 in Word.
LaTeX uses the document class, loaded via the \documentclass command, to set the default font size for various elements, such as footnotes and section headings, which form part of the document's content. Document classes also support options for explicitly setting the font size of the main document text (and other components):
How to Write a Thesis in LaTeX (Part 1): Basic Structure. Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5. Author: Josh Cassidy (August 2013) This five-part series of articles uses a combination of video and textual descriptions to teach the basics of writing a thesis using LaTeX.
3 Answers. Sorted by: 7. The standard classes only support 10pt, 11pt and 12pt. You can use the fontsize package that does a good work in guessing the relative sizes. For Computer Modern you need also fix-cm.
Fonts must be 10, 11, or 12 points in size. Superscripts and subscripts (e.g., formulas, or footnote or endnote numbers) should be no more than 2 points smaller than the font size used for the body of the text. Spacing and Indentation. Space and indent your thesis or dissertation following these guidelines:
fontsize - Thesis Template on Share Latex :: Changing Size - TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange. Thesis Template on Share Latex :: Changing Size. Ask Question. Asked 7 years, 10 months ago. Modified 7 years, 6 months ago. Viewed 894 times. 0. I'm presently using a template on ShareLatex called "PhD Thesis of University of Liverpool".
the document should be presented on single-sided a4 paper and typeset in a double-spaced size 10-12 font; the left-hand margin should be at least 1.5 inches (4cm) to allow for binding; the other three margins should be at least 1 inch (2.5cm).
1. A few relevant questions: Margins: tex.stackexchange.com/a/50259 Font size: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/24599 tex.stackexchange.com/questions/155896 Units: tex.stackexchange.com/a/113513. - Torbjørn T. Jan 8, 2022 at 8:34. Add a comment. 1 Answer. Sorted by: 1. If I understand your setup correctly, you're using the article document class.
When working on a LaTeX document, the easiest way to change the font size is by using these predefined commands: \Huge. \huge. \LARGE. \Large. \large. \normalsize. \small. \footnotesize. \scriptsize. \tiny. These commands change the font size locally.
Writing a thesis or dissertation in LaTeX can be challenging, but the end result is well worth it—nothing looks as good as a LaTeX-produced PDF, and for large documents it's a lot easier than fighting with formatting and cross-referencing in MS Word.
According to my uni's theses formatting guidelines, font size should be 13 pt. The thesis document class is set to report, which only takes 10pt, 11pt and 12pt as input. Now, I found this solution, which seems to address my problem.
Tips on Writing a Thesis in LaTeX. The font. At the beginning of the thesis typesetting I used only one typeface — default LaTeX font, computer modern roman (CMR; see also Latin Modern ): \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
Unfortunately most students try to use every typographic trick to increase the number of pages of their thesis (widening the margins, increasing the font size, increasing the line spacing, adding a lot of figures, printing on one side only, etc.).
\usepackage [T1] {fontenc} \usepackage {kpfonts}% for math \usepackage {libertine}% serif and sans serif \usepackage [scaled=0.85] {beramono}%% mono. Share. Improve this answer.
6 years ago. License. Other (as stated in the work) Abstract. This LaTeX template is used by many universities as the basis for thesis and dissertation submissions, and is a great way to get started if you haven't been provided with a specific version from your department.
LaTeX forum ⇒ Theses, Books, ... I am writing to you regarding the font style used in this thesis! The original template uses "Platino" which is good, but due to my school guidelines this needs to be Times roman. ... % The default document font size, options: 10pt, 11pt, 12pt %oneside, % Two side (alternating margins) for binding by default ...
To do this we use the \vspace command followed by a length. We also need to add an asterisk into the command to make sure LaTeX doesn't decide to ignore the command. Next we'll add the thesis title in bold font using the \textbf command.
1. need of a small guidance here. I am using report class, and I do not need chapter numbers for every chapter, just the chapter names. Is there a way to increase just the font size of the chapter names? \documentclass [11pt] {report} \usepackage [utf8] {inputenc} \begin {document} \chapter {Introduction} \end {document} Observation:
How to set font size in Latex table? Ask Question. Asked 2 years, 2 months ago. Modified 11 months ago. Viewed 17k times. 2. I have the following table with column linewidth. I want to set the font size of the table to some specific value. Several suggestions say that a code like p {0.4in} will work.
Thesis Font Size Latex, Essay My Life My Family, Write A C Program To Print Numbers In Words, My Story In China Scholarship Essays, Answers And Solutions To Section 1 9 Homework Problems, Entry Level Chemical Engineer Cover Letter Sample, Keywords: Include at least three, preferably five words that will help identify your paper. ...